Jeremías 37

VBL · Chapter 37/52

1Nabucodonosor, rey de Babilonia, sustituyó a Joaquín hijo de Joacim con Sedequías hijo de Josías como rey gobernante de Judá.

2Pero Sedequías y sus oficiales y todos los demás en el país se negaron a obedecer lo que el Señor había dicho por medio del profeta Jeremías.

3Sin embargo, el rey Sedequías envió a Jehucal hijo de Selemías y el sacerdote Sofonías, hijo de Maasías, al profeta Jeremías con el mensaje: “¡Por favor, ruega al Señor nuestro Dios por nosotros!”

4(En ese momento Jeremías podía ir y venir libremente, porque todavía no lo habían encarcelado).

5El ejército del faraón avanzaba desde Egipto, y cuando el ejército babilónico se enteró, se alejó de Jerusalén.

6Entonces llegó un mensaje del Señor al profeta Jeremías:

7Esto es lo que el Señor, el Dios de Israel, te manda decir al rey de Judá, que te ha enviado a pedirme ayuda: ¡Mira! El ejército del faraón, que salió en tu ayuda, va a regresar a Egipto.

8Entonces los babilonios volverán y atacarán Jerusalén. La capturarán y la incendiarán.

9Esto es lo que dice el Señor: No se engañen diciendo: “Los babilonios se han ido para siempre”, porque no es así.

10De hecho, aunque ustedes pudieran matar a todo el ejército babilónico que los ataca, dejando sólo a los hombres heridos en sus tiendas, igual se levantarían y quemarían esta ciudad.

11Cuando el ejército babilónico se alejó de Jerusalén debido a la amenaza del ejército del faraón,

12Jeremías estaba saliendo de Jerusalén para ir a su casa en el territorio de Benjamín a reclamar su parte de la propiedad de su familia.

13Sin embargo, cuando llegó a la puerta de Benjamín, el capitán de la guardia, que se llamaba Irías, hijo de Selemías, hijo de Jananías, lo detuvo diciendo: “¡Desertas a los babilonios!”

14“Eso no es cierto”, respondió Jeremías. “¡No estoy desertando a los babilonios!”

15Los oficiales estaban furiosos con Jeremías. Hicieron que lo golpearan y lo encerraran en la casa del escriba Jonatán, que había sido convertida en prisión.

16Jeremías fue colocado en una celda del calabozo subterráneo y permaneció allí durante mucho tiempo.

17Un tiempo después, el rey Sedequías lo mandó llamar en secreto y lo hizo llevar al palacio real, donde le preguntó: “¿Hay un mensaje del Señor para mí?”

18Entonces Jeremías le preguntó al rey Sedequías: “¿Qué mal te he hecho a ti, a tus siervos o a este pueblo, para que me pongas en prisión?

19¿Dónde están ahora tus profetas, los que te profetizaron diciendo: ‘El rey de Babilonia no vendrá a atacarte a ti y a este país’?

20Ahora, por favor, escúchame, mi señor el rey, y responde positivamente a mi petición. No me envíes de nuevo a la prisión en la casa del escriba Jonatán, pues de lo contrario moriré allí”.

21El rey Sedequías dio la orden de que Jeremías fuera recluido en el patio de la guardia y que se le proporcionara una hogaza de pan cada día de una panadería hasta que no quedara pan en la ciudad. Así que Jeremías se quedó en el patio de la guardia.

📖 Chapter study

Summary

During a brief respite in the Babylonian siege (caused by the advancing Egyptian army), Jeremiah tries to leave Jerusalem and is arrested on a false charge of desertion, then thrown into a dungeon.

Explanation

The temporary withdrawal of the Babylonian army, prompted by the approach of Egyptian troops, created a false sense of relief in Jerusalem — but Jeremiah warned plainly that the Babylonians would return and finish the destruction, refusing to feed false hopes. His attempt to travel to attend to personal business in Anathoth was misread as desertion to the enemy, showing how his reputation for preaching surrender already made him an automatic suspect in the eyes of the authorities. Even while unjustly imprisoned, he continued to be consulted in secret by King Zedekiah, who seemed torn between respecting the prophetic word and fearing the political consequences of following it.

Fun facts

  • The pharaoh mentioned as advancing against the Babylonians was probably Hophra (Apries), who reigned over Egypt during this period and is mentioned again in chapter 44.
  • The 'house of Jonathan the scribe,' used as a prison, was originally a private residence converted for that purpose — a common practice whenever there were not enough formal facilities available.

Verse-by-verse explanation

  1. Jeremías 37:1Marks the change of king: Zedekiah (uncle of Jehoiachin, also called Jeconiah or Coniah, the king exiled in 597 BC) was placed on the throne by Nebuchadnezzar himself, as a vassal ruler -- he did not come to power through normal succession.
  2. Jeremías 37:2Sums up the pattern of Zedekiah’s entire reign: neither he, nor the court, nor the people paid any attention to Jeremiah -- the same rejection that had already come from earlier kings.
  3. Jeremías 37:3Even without taking the message seriously, Zedekiah sends word asking Jeremiah to pray for him and for the people -- a contradictory gesture from someone who rejects the prophet but still hopes for his spiritual help.
  4. Jeremías 37:4An important detail: at this point Jeremiah still had freedom to come and go among the people; he had not yet been arrested -- a situation that changes right after this.
  5. Jeremías 37:5A decisive military development: the Egyptian army, under Pharaoh Hophra, advanced to relieve Jerusalem, forcing the Babylonians to lift the siege temporarily -- a break that many mistook for final deliverance.
  6. Jeremías 37:6A transition formula: God’s answer arrives at the very moment of hope created by the Babylonian withdrawal.
  7. Jeremías 37:7Jeremiah is told to deny the court’s hope outright: the Egyptian army will go back to Egypt without really helping -- the relief from the siege will not last.
  8. Jeremías 37:8Confirms that the Babylonians will return, resume the siege, and this time capture and burn the city -- the military pause was only that, a pause.
  9. Jeremías 37:9A direct warning against self-deception: believing the Chaldeans had given up for good was a fatal mistake, because they were not really going away.
  10. Jeremías 37:10An exaggerated image to drive home the certainty of the fall: even if only wounded soldiers were left in the Babylonian camp, they would still rise up to burn Jerusalem -- the outcome is already decided.
  11. Jeremías 37:11When the Egyptian army forces the Babylonians to withdraw temporarily from the siege, Jeremiah tries to go to Anathoth, most likely to settle personal business, such as registering the field from chapter 32, but he is mistaken for a deserter trying to flee to the enemy and is arrested.
  12. Jeremías 37:12Taking advantage of the temporary lifting of the siege, Jeremiah tries to leave the city to go to Anathoth, his hometown, probably to attend to the field he had bought in chapter 32.
  13. Jeremías 37:13At the city gate, a captain named Irijah recognizes Jeremiah and accuses him of desertion, thinking he was trying to flee and surrender to the Babylonians.
  14. Jeremías 37:14Jeremiah denies the accusation, but no one listens -- he is arrested on the spot and taken by force to the officials of the court.
  15. Jeremías 37:15The officials react in anger, beat Jeremiah, and throw him into a makeshift prison in the house of a scribe named Jonathan -- harsh treatment for a man who was only trying to leave the city.
  16. Jeremías 37:16Jeremiah is locked in underground cells in that house for a long stretch of time, a condition far worse than the relative freedom he had before.
  17. Jeremías 37:17Zedekiah secretly sends for him for a private conversation, asking whether there was any word from God -- and receives the same answer as always: he will be handed over to the king of Babylon.
  18. Jeremías 37:18Jeremiah takes the moment to protest his own unjust treatment: he asks what crime he committed to deserve prison, since he was only announcing what God had commanded.
  19. Jeremías 37:19He counterattacks by asking about the false prophets who guaranteed that Babylon would never attack -- demanding an accounting that no one was making them give.
  20. Jeremías 37:20He asks the king a personal favor: not to be sent back to the prison in Jonathan’s house, fearing he would die there in its miserable conditions.
  21. Jeremías 37:21Receiving one loaf of bread a day from the bakers’ street, for as long as the city’s supply lasted, shows the severe rationing already under way during the siege. And the note that this ration lasted only until the city’s bread ran out foreshadows the total famine that comes in the following chapters.

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