Hechos 15

VBL · Chapter 15/28

1Entonces llegaron unos hombres de Judea que comenzaron a enseñarles a los creyentes, y les decían “A menos que estén circuncidados conforme a las normas establecidas por Moisés, no podrán salvarse”.

2Y Pablo y Bernabé debatieron y discutieron mucho con ellos. Así que Pablo y Bernabé y otros más fueron nombrados para ir a Jerusalén y hablar con los apóstoles y los líderes de allí sobre este asunto.

3Entonces la iglesia los envió de viaje, y mientras viajaban por Fenicia y Samaria, explicaban cómo los extranjeros se estaban convirtiendo, y esto alegraba mucho a los creyentes.

4Cuando llegaron a Jerusalén fueron recibidos por los miembros de la iglesia, los apóstoles y los ancianos. Explicaron todo lo que Dios había hecho a través de ellos.

5Pero sufrieron oposición de parte de algunos de los creyentes que pertenecían a la división de los fariseos. Ellos decían: “Estos conversos tienen que circuncidarse e instruirse para que observen la ley de Moisés”.

6Entonces los apóstoles y los ancianos se reunieron para debatir el asunto.

7Y después de tanto debatir, Pedro se levantó y les dijo: “Hermanos, ustedes saben que hace un tiempo Dios me escogió de entre ustedes para que los extranjeros pudieran oír el mensaje de la buena noticia y creyeran en Jesús.

8Dios, quien conoce nuestros corazones, ha demostrado que los acepta, dándoles el Espíritu Santo a ustedes así como lo hizo con nosotros.

9Él no hace distinción entre nosotros y ellos, y limpió sus corazones cuando ellos creyeron en él.

10“Entonces, ¿por qué ustedes quieren oponerse a Dios y colocar sobre los creyentes cargas que nuestros padres no fueron capaces de soportar, y que nosotros tampoco podemos?

11Estamos convencidos de que somos salvos mediante la gracia del Señor Jesús, así como ellos”.

12Y todos escuchaban con atención a Bernabé y a Pablo cuando ellos les hablaban de las señales milagrosas que Dios había realizado entre los extranjeros a través de ellos.

13Después que terminaron de hablar, Santiago tomó la palabra, diciendo: “Hermanos, escúchenme.

14Simón ha descrito cómo Dios primero reveló su interés por los extranjeros escogiendo entre ellos un pueblo comprometido con él.

15Esto está en conformidad con las palabras de los profetas, tal como está escrito:

16‘En el futuro, volveré, y reconstruiré la casa caída de David; yo reconstruiré sus ruinas y las enderezaré.

17Haré esto para que los que han quedado por fuera vengan al Señor, incluyendo los extranjeros que invocan mi nombre.

18Esto es lo que el Señor dice, el que reveló estas cosas hace mucho tiempo’.

19“Así que mi decisión es que no debemos ser estorbo para los extranjeros que se convierten a Dios.

20Debemos escribirles y decirles que eviten la comida sacrificada a los ídolos, la inmoralidad sexual, la carne de animales que hayan sido estrangulados, y de consumir sangre.

21Porque la Ley de Moisés ya ha sido enseñada en cada ciudad por mucho tiempo, pues es leída en las sinagogas cada sábado”.

22Entonces los apóstoles y los ancianos, en reunión con toda la iglesia, decidieron que sería bueno elegir a algunos representantes y enviarlos a Antioquía con Pablo y Bernabé. Y eligieron a Judas Barsabás y a Silas, líderes entre los hermanos,

23y los enviaron con esta carta:

24Hemos oído que algunos de nuestro grupo los han confundido con sus enseñanzas, causándoles problemas. Sin duda alguna nosotros no les dijimos que hicieran esto.

25Así que decidimos elegir algunos representantes y enviarlos hasta donde ustedes están, junto con nuestros hermanos muy amados, Bernabé y Pablo,

26quienes han arriesgado sus vidas por el nombre de nuestro Señor Jesucristo.

27“Así que hemos enviado a Judas y Silas, quienes podrán confirmarles verbalmente lo que les estamos diciendo.

28El Espíritu Santo y nosotros consideramos que es mejor no colocarles ninguna carga pesada aparte de estos requisitos.

29Deben evitar: cualquier cosa sacrificada a ídolos, sangre, carne de animales estrangulados, e inmoralidad sexual. Harán bien al observar estos requisitos. Dios los bendiga”.

30Los hombres fueron enviados a Antioquía. Y cuando llegaron, convocaron a todos a una reunión y entregaron la carta.

31Después de leerla, estaban muy felices por el mensaje de ánimo.

32Entonces Judas y Silas, que también eran profetas, animaron a los hermanos, enseñándoles muchas cosas, y dándoles fortaleza.

33Después de pasar un tiempo allí, fueron enviados de regreso por los hermanos, con su bendición, a los creyentes de Jerusalén.

34[Se cree que el versículo 34 referente a Silas no hace parte del original.]

35Pero Pablo y Bernabé permanecieron en Antioquía, enseñando y proclamando la palabra de Dios en compañía de muchos otros.

36Algún tiempo después, Pablo le dijo a Bernabé: “Regresemos y visitemos a los creyentes de cada ciudad donde hemos predicado la palabra de Dios, y veamos cómo están”.

37Entonces Bernabé hizo planes para llevarse también a Juan Marcos.

38Pero Pablo no consideró que fuera buena idea llevarlo con ellos, pues él los había abandonado en Panfilia y no había seguido trabajando con ellos.

39Y tuvieron un descuerdo tan grande, que se separaron. Entonces Bernabé tomó a Juan Marcos y navegó hacia Chipre.

40Pablo eligió a Silas, y al marcharse, los creyentes los encomendaron a la gracia del Señor.

41Y Pablo viajó por Siria y Cilicia, animando a las iglesias de esos lugares.

📖 Chapter study

Summary

A great debate arises over whether converted Gentiles must follow the Jewish law, especially circumcision. Gathered in Jerusalem, the apostles decide they do not, asking only for a few practical restrictions.

Explanation

This is the so-called 'Council of Jerusalem,' a decisive moment that kept Christianity from becoming merely a Jewish sect. Peter, Paul, Barnabas, and James debate openly, and the final decision is communicated by letter to the Gentile churches, showing a mature process of collective decision-making in the early church. The principle established — salvation by grace, not by rituals — would shape all later Christian theology. The chapter ends with a personal disagreement between Paul and Barnabas over bringing John Mark, a reminder that even great leaders of faith have human conflicts.

Fun facts

  • The 'four restrictions' requested of the Gentiles (avoiding food sacrificed to idols, blood, the meat of strangled animals, and sexual immorality) corresponded to practices that would most offend Jews living alongside the new Gentile Christians in mixed social settings.
  • John Mark, whose abandoning the journey sparked the quarrel between Paul and Barnabas here, would later be reconciled with Paul, who mentions him fondly in 2 Timothy 4:11 — showing that the separation was not final.

Verse-by-verse explanation

  1. Hechos 15:1The heart of the chapter’s conflict: one group argued that converted Gentiles first needed to become Jews, undergoing circumcision, before they could be accepted as full Christians.
  2. Hechos 15:2The conflict with this group is strong enough that the church decides to send Paul, Barnabas, and others to Jerusalem, taking the question directly to the apostles and elders there.
  3. Hechos 15:3On the way to Jerusalem, the group passes through Phoenicia and Samaria telling of the conversion of the Gentiles, news that other Christians along the way receive with joy.
  4. Hechos 15:4On arriving, they are officially received by the church, the apostles, and the elders of Jerusalem, to whom they report everything God had done among the Gentiles.
  5. Hechos 15:5There were Pharisees who had accepted Jesus as the Messiah but kept practicing, and demanding of others, the traditional Jewish law. It is this group that raises the discussion about requiring circumcision of the Gentiles.
  6. Hechos 15:6Faced with the question raised, the apostles and elders meet formally to discuss and decide the matter of circumcising the Gentiles.
  7. Hechos 15:7After much debate, Peter takes the floor, recalling that it was he himself, years before, whom God chose to preach to the Gentiles for the first time, a reference to the episode with Cornelius.
  8. Hechos 15:8Peter argues that God, who knows the heart of every person, had already confirmed the Gentiles’ acceptance by giving them the Holy Spirit, just as He had to the Jews.
  9. Hechos 15:9Peter concludes that God made no distinction at all between Jews and Gentiles, purifying the hearts of both by faith, not by outward rituals.
  10. Hechos 15:10Peter asks why they would place on the Gentiles a “yoke” (the weight of the law) that not even the Jews themselves, throughout their history, had managed to bear properly.
  11. Hechos 15:11Peter closes his argument by saying that both Jews and Gentiles are saved by the same grace of Jesus, and not by keeping the law.
  12. Hechos 15:12The assembled crowd falls silent, listening to Barnabas and Paul tell of the miracles God had done through them among the Gentiles, reinforcing Peter’s argument with concrete examples.
  13. Hechos 15:13This James is neither of the two apostles with that name, but the brother of Jesus, who became the chief leader of the church in Jerusalem. His closing word carries the weight of a decision because he presided over this local body.
  14. Hechos 15:14James (not to be confused with the apostles of the same name) uses Peter’s Hebrew name, Simeon, to refer to the account of how God first visited the Gentiles through him.
  15. Hechos 15:15James states that this acceptance of the Gentiles is no baseless novelty: the words of the Old Testament prophets already agreed with it.
  16. Hechos 15:16James quotes the prophet Amos, about rebuilding “the tabernacle of David” that had fallen, an image of the restoration of the kingdom that Christians applied to the work of Jesus.
  17. Hechos 15:17The quotation goes on to say that this restoration would allow both the remnant of Israel and all the Gentiles called by God’s name to seek Him.
  18. Hechos 15:18James closes the quotation by recalling that these works had been known to God from all eternity, not some last-minute improvised plan.
  19. Hechos 15:19Based on all this, James gives his judgment: they should not make life difficult for the Gentiles who are turning to God by demanding of them the full Jewish law.
  20. Hechos 15:20Instead of requiring the whole Jewish law, the council asks the Gentiles to observe only a few practical restrictions tied to customs that most bothered Jews sharing a table with them, such as meat with blood in it and animals killed by strangling, along with sexual conduct. Scholars debate whether the list is about ritual purity or about social coexistence.
  21. Hechos 15:21James justifies not needing to teach the law of Moses to the Gentiles by pointing out that it was already preached and read regularly in the synagogues of every city each sabbath, for anyone who wanted to learn it on their own.
  22. Hechos 15:22Judas Barsabas and Silas are two representatives chosen to carry the letter with the council’s decision to Antioch, lending personal weight and credibility to the written message, beyond the document itself.
  23. Hechos 15:23The council’s official letter opens with a simple greeting from the apostles, elders, and brethren of Jerusalem to the Gentile Christians of Antioch, Syria, and Cilicia.
  24. Hechos 15:24The letter acknowledges the problem: some had gone out from Jerusalem without authorization and troubled the Gentiles by demanding circumcision and observance of the law, something the Jerusalem leadership had never commanded.
  25. Hechos 15:25For this reason they decide, with one accord, to choose representatives to accompany Barnabas and Paul back, giving more weight and credibility to the written message.
  26. Hechos 15:26The letter commends Barnabas and Paul as men who had already risked their own lives for the name of Jesus, reinforcing the confidence Jerusalem had in the two of them.
  27. Hechos 15:27Along with the letter, they send Judas and Silas, who will also personally confirm by word of mouth everything that was written.
  28. Hechos 15:28The final decision is credited to both the Holy Spirit and the council itself, a way of showing that the resolution was not merely human, but guided by God.
  29. Hechos 15:29This is the council’s official decision, repeated in the letter sent to the Gentiles of Antioch, Syria, and Cilicia. It is the first formal document on record from the church addressing a doctrinal dispute.
  30. Hechos 15:30As soon as they arrive in Antioch, the messengers gather the local congregation and deliver the letter with the council’s decision.
  31. Hechos 15:31The reading of the letter brings immediate relief and joy to the Gentile Christians of Antioch, who finally had an official answer to the controversy.
  32. Hechos 15:32Judas and Silas, who were also prophets, use the visit to encourage and strengthen the brethren with a good deal of teaching, beyond simply delivering the letter.
  33. Hechos 15:33After some time in Antioch, the brethren send them off in peace to return to the apostles who had sent them.
  34. Hechos 15:34This verse, present in older manuscript traditions such as the one the KJV follows but absent from many other Greek manuscripts, explains why Silas reappears in the city right afterward: he decides to stay there instead of returning with Judas.
  35. Hechos 15:35Paul and Barnabas also remain in Antioch for a while, continuing to teach and preach the word of the Lord together with other coworkers.
  36. Hechos 15:36After a while, Paul proposes to Barnabas that they go back to the cities where they had already preached, just to see how the new Christians were doing.
  37. Hechos 15:37Barnabas wants to bring John Mark along again, the same nephew of his who had abandoned the previous journey in Pamphylia.
  38. Hechos 15:38Paul disagrees, thinking it wrong to bring along someone who had already quit partway through the first journey, without finishing the agreed work.
  39. Hechos 15:39Paul and Barnabas break up their partnership over John Mark, who had abandoned the previous journey. The text does not hide the personal conflict between the two leaders, showing that strong disagreements existed even among apostles.
  40. Hechos 15:40After parting ways with Barnabas, Paul chooses Silas as his new traveling companion, and the two set out with the blessing and support of the brethren in Antioch.
  41. Hechos 15:41Paul and Silas travel by land through Syria and Cilicia, visiting and strengthening churches that probably already existed in those regions.

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