Hechos 11

VBL · Chapter 11/28

1Los apóstoles y los hermanos de Judea oyeron que algunos extranjeros también habían aceptado la palabra de Dios.

2Y cuando Pedro llegó a Jerusalén, los que creían que la circuncisión todavía era esencial, comenzaron a discutir con él.

3“Fuiste a casa de hombres incircuncisos y comiste con ellos”, dijeron.

4Entonces Pedro comenzó a explicarles todo lo que había ocurrido.

5“Mientras estaba en la ciudad de Jope y oraba, estando en trance vi una visión. Algo que parecía como una gran sábana era bajada por sus cuatro extremos desde el cielo, y bajó hacia mí.

6Cuando miré había animales adentro, bestias salvajes, reptiles y aves.

7“Entonces oí una voz que me dijo: ‘Levántate, mata y come’.

8“Pero yo respondí ‘¡Por supuesto que no, Señor! ¡Nunca ha entrado en mi boca nada inmundo ni impuro!’

9“Entonces la voz del cielo habló otra vez, y dijo: ‘¡No llames inmundo a lo que Dios ha limpiado!’

10Esto sucedió tres veces, y luego todo esto se devolvió al cielo.

11En ese mismo momento había tres hombres frente a la puerta de la casa donde nos estábamos hospedando. Habían sido enviados desde Cesarea para verme.

12Entonces el Espíritu me dijo que fuera con ellos, y que no me preocupara acerca de quiénes eran. Estos seis hermanos que están aquí también fueron conmigo, y entramos a la casa del hombre.

13Él nos explicó cómo un ángel se le había aparecido en su casa, el cual le dijo: ‘Envía a alguien a Jope, y haz venir a Simón, también llamado Pedro,

14quien te dirá lo que necesitas escuchar para que seas salvo, tú y toda tu casa’.

15“Cuando comencé a hablar, el Espíritu Santo se derramó sobre ellos, como sucedió con nosotros al principio.

16Entonces recordé lo que el Señor dijo: ‘Juan bautizaba con agua, pero ustedes serán bautizados con el Espíritu Santo’.

17Si Dios les dio el mismo don que nos dio a nosotros cuando creímos en el Señor Jesucristo, ¿qué autoridad tendría yo para estar en contra de Dios?”

18Después de escuchar esta explicación, no volvieron a discutir con él, y alababan a Dios, diciendo: “Ahora Dios ha concedido también a los extranjeros la oportunidad de arrepentimiento y de tener vida eterna”.

19Sucedió que los que habían quedado esparcidos por causa de la persecución que ocurrió cuando Esteban fue asesinado, viajaron hasta Fenicia, Chipre y Antioquía. Y solo predicaban la buena noticia entre los judíos.

20Pero cuando algunos de ellos que eran de Chipre y Cirene llegaron a Antioquía, comenzaron a predicar la buena noticia también a los griegos, hablándoles acerca del Señor Jesús.

21Y el poder del Señor estaba con ellos y una gran cantidad de gente creyó en el Señor y se convirtió a él.

22Entonces se difundió la noticia acerca de lo que había ocurrido y llegó hasta la iglesia en Jerusalén, y enviaron a Bernabé hasta Antioquía.

23Cuando llegó y vio con sus propios ojos cómo estaba obrando la gracia de Dios, se deleitó en esto. Y animó a todos a que se consagraran por completo a Dios y a mantenerse fieles.

24Bernabé era un buen hombre, lleno del Espíritu Santo y había puesto toda su confianza en Dios. Y muchas personas eran traídas al Señor.

25Entonces Bernabé se fue a Tarso para buscar a Saulo,

26y cuando lo encontró, lo hizo regresar con él a Antioquía. Y durante el transcurso de un año trabajaron juntos con la iglesia, enseñando el mensaje a multitudes. Y fue en Antioquía que a los creyentes se les llamó por primera vez “Cristianos”.

27Durante este tiempo algunos profetas fueron de Jerusalén a Antioquía.

28Y uno de ellos, llamado Ágabo se puso en pie y profetizó una advertencia por medio del Espíritu que habría una hambruna terrible que afectaría a todo el mundo. (Esto se cumplió durante el reinado del Emperador Claudio).

29Los creyentes decidieron enviar fondos para ayudar a los hermanos que vivían en Judea, dando cada uno conforme a lo que tenía.

30Hicieron esto y enviaron el dinero con Bernabé y Saulo a los líderes de la iglesia de Judea.

📖 Chapter study

Summary

Peter explains to the believers in Jerusalem why he entered the house of Gentiles, recounting the vision and the Spirit's descent on Cornelius. In Antioch, many Greeks believe, and there the disciples are called 'Christians' for the first time.

Explanation

Peter's defense shows how the early church processed major changes: through dialogue and evidence, not mere authority. When the leaders hear the explanation, they respond with praise, not resistance — a good model for handling disagreement within the community of faith. Antioch becomes an important landmark, the first major center of the gospel for Gentiles and the base for Paul's future missions. The name 'Christian,' likely coined by outsiders as a nickname, ended up being proudly adopted by Jesus' own followers.

Fun facts

  • Antioch of Syria was the third-largest city in the Roman Empire, after Rome and Alexandria, with a large cosmopolitan population — fertile ground for a message that united Jews and Gentiles.
  • The Greek term for 'Christians' (christianoi) has a Latin-style ending that normally designated the partisans of a political or military leader, suggesting the nickname may have originated with Romans observing the followers of 'Christ' as a distinct group.

Verse-by-verse explanation

  1. Hechos 11:1News of the Gentiles’ conversion in Caesarea reaches the apostles and brethren in Judea quickly, even before Peter returns to explain personally what had happened.
  2. Hechos 11:2As soon as Peter goes up to Jerusalem, he already faces criticism from Jewish Christians who held to circumcision, showing that the Gentile question was going to generate tension within the church itself.
  3. Hechos 11:3The criticism Peter receives in Jerusalem is not about baptizing Gentiles, but about having eaten at the table with them, breaking a Jewish social custom of separation. Eating together was seen as a sign of equality and closeness.
  4. Hechos 11:4Peter does not defend himself with abstract arguments, but tells the whole story in the order it happened, letting the facts speak for themselves.
  5. Hechos 11:5Peter repeats to Jerusalem the same vision of the sheet already described in chapter 10, using the account itself as proof that the initiative had come from God, not from him.
  6. Hechos 11:6In retelling the vision, Peter again details the animals he saw: four-footed creatures, wild beasts, reptiles, and birds, including species forbidden by Jewish law.
  7. Hechos 11:7Peter recalls the command received in the vision, to kill and eat, the same instruction that directly contradicted the dietary rules he had followed his whole life.
  8. Hechos 11:8Peter repeats his initial refusal, making clear to his listeners in Jerusalem that he resisted the command before accepting it, and did not act on his own in some careless way.
  9. Hechos 11:9The reply from the voice out of heaven, saying not to call unclean what God had already cleansed, is repeated by Peter as the central point that changed his understanding.
  10. Hechos 11:10Peter confirms that the scene repeated three times before the sheet went back up into heaven, the same pattern of repetition already told in the previous chapter.
  11. Hechos 11:11Peter ties the vision directly to what happened next: the three men sent by Cornelius arrive right at the moment he was still trying to understand what he had seen.
  12. Hechos 11:12The Holy Spirit tells Peter to go without hesitating, and he even brings six brethren from Joppa as witnesses, an important detail to prove he was not alone in the account.
  13. Hechos 11:13Peter tells what Cornelius had already reported before: the vision of an angel telling him to send for Simon, called Peter, in Joppa.
  14. Hechos 11:14The angel’s promise included that Peter would bring a message of salvation not only to Cornelius, but to his whole household, including family and dependents.
  15. Hechos 11:15Peter points out that the Holy Spirit fell on the assembled Gentiles as soon as he began to speak, the same way He had fallen on the apostles at Pentecost.
  16. Hechos 11:16This parallel makes Peter remember a promise of Jesus about the difference between John’s baptism in water and the baptism in the Holy Spirit that was to come.
  17. Hechos 11:17Peter closes his defense with a rhetorical question: if God gave the Gentiles the same gift He gave the first Jewish disciples, who was he to try to stand in the way of that.
  18. Hechos 11:18The argument convinces the critics in Jerusalem, who stop objecting and begin glorifying God, acknowledging that He had also granted repentance and life to the Gentiles.
  19. Hechos 11:19The Christians scattered by the persecution after Stephen’s death reach Antioch, one of the largest cities in the Roman Empire at the time, in Syria. There, almost by accident, what would later become the main missionary center of the early church is born.
  20. Hechos 11:20Unnamed Christians from Cyprus and from Cyrene in North Africa are the first to deliberately preach to Greek Gentiles in Antioch, even before any official decision from the leadership in Jerusalem.
  21. Hechos 11:21The success of the preaching in Antioch is described as a direct result of “the hand of the Lord,” an expression for divine action, not of any special human strategy.
  22. Hechos 11:22News of the growth in Antioch reaches the church in Jerusalem, which decides to send Barnabas to check on and support what was happening there.
  23. Hechos 11:23Arriving and seeing the positive result, Barnabas rejoices and encourages the new believers to remain faithful to the Lord with a resolute heart.
  24. Hechos 11:24Luke describes Barnabas as a good man, full of the Holy Spirit and of faith — qualities that help explain why so many people are converted during his stay there.
  25. Hechos 11:25Barnabas goes personally to Tarsus to look for Saul, recalling that he had been sent there some years earlier, in chapter 9, to escape a death threat.
  26. Hechos 11:26The name “Christians” is born in Antioch, probably as a nickname given by outsiders, meaning something like followers of Christ. The disciples themselves more commonly called each other brothers or disciples.
  27. Hechos 11:27Traveling prophets from Jerusalem arrive in Antioch, showing there was constant communication and movement between the two Christian communities.
  28. Hechos 11:28Agabus was a traveling prophet. The famine he predicted is confirmed by Roman historical records of food shortages in various parts of the empire during the reign of Emperor Claudius, between the years 41 and 54 A.D.
  29. Hechos 11:29On learning of the famine Agabus predicted, the disciples in Antioch organize a voluntary collection, each one contributing according to what they could give.
  30. Hechos 11:30The relief collected is sent to the church leaders in Judea through Barnabas and Saul, who serve as trusted messengers between the two communities.

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