Números 24

VBL · Chapter 24/36

1Cuando Balaam vio que el Señor quería bendecir a Israel, eligió no usar la adivinación como lo había hecho anteriormente. En su lugar se volvió hacia el desierto,

2y al mirar a Israel acampado allí según sus respectivas tribus, el Espíritu de Dios vino sobre él.

3Hizo una declaración, diciendo:

4“Esta es la profecía de Balaam, hijo de Beor, la profecía de un hombre que ve con los ojos bien abiertos, la profecía de uno que oye las palabras de Dios, que ve la visión dada por el Todopoderoso, que se inclina con respeto con los ojos abiertos.

5“¡Qué bien puestas tus tiendas, Jacob; los lugares donde vives, Israel!

6Parecen valles boscosos, como jardines junto a un río, como árboles de áloe que el Señor ha plantado, como cedros a la orilla del agua.

7Los israelitas derramarán cubos de agua; sus descendientes tendrán mucha agua. Su rey será más grande que el rey Agag; su reino será glorioso.

8Dios los sacó de Egipto con gran poder, tan fuerte como un buey, destruyendo a las naciones enemigas, rompiéndoles los huesos, atravesándolos con flechas.

9Son como un león que se agacha y se acuesta. Son como una leona que nadie se atreve a molestar. Quienes los bendigan serán bendecidos; y quienes los maldigan serán malditos”.

10Balac se enfadó con Balaam, y se golpeó los puños. Le dijo a Balaam, “Te traje aquí para maldecir a mis enemigos, ¡y ahora mira! Sigues bendiciéndolos, haciéndolo tres veces.

11¡Vete ahora mismo! ¡Vete a casa! Prometí pagarte bien, pero el Señor se ha asegurado de que no recibirás ningún pago”.

12Pero Balaam le dijo a Balac: “¿No le expliqué ya a los mensajeros que enviaste

13que aunque me dieras todo tu palacio lleno de plata y oro, no podría hacer nada de lo que quisiera ni desobedecer el mandato del Señor mi Dios de ninguna manera? Sólo puedo decir lo que el Señor me dice.

14¡Escucha! Ahora vuelvo a casa con mi propio pueblo, pero primero déjame advertirte lo que estos israelitas van a hacer con tu pueblo en el futuro”.

15Entonces Balaam hizo una declaración, diciendo: “Esta es la profecía de Balaam, hijo de Beor, la profecía de un hombre con los ojos bien abiertos

16la profecía de uno que escucha las palabras de Dios, que recibe el conocimiento del Altísimo, que ve la visión dada por el Todopoderoso, que se inclina con respeto con los ojos abiertos.

17“Lo veo, pero esto no es ahora. Lo observo, pero esto no está cerca. En el futuro, un líder como una estrella vendrá de Jacob, un gobernante con un cetro llegará al poder desde Israel. Aplastará las cabezas de los moabitas, y destruirá a todo el pueblo de Set.

18El país de Edom será conquistado, su enemigo Seir serán conquistados, y los israelitas saldrán victoriosos.

19Un gobernante de Jacob vendrá y destruirá a los que queden en la ciudad”.

20Balaam dirigió su atención a los amalecitas y dio esta declaración sobre ellos, diciendo, “Amalec fue el primero entre las naciones, pero terminarán siendo destruidos”.

21Dirigió su atención a los ceneos y dio esta declaración sobre ellos, diciendo, “Donde vives está seguro y protegido, como un nido en la cara de un acantilado.

22Pero Caín será quemado cuando Asiria los conquiste”.

23Luego Balaam hizo otra declaración, diciendo: “¡Es una tragedia! ¿Quién puede sobrevivir cuando Dios hace esto?

24Se enviarán barcos desde Chipre para atacar Asiria y Eber, pero también serán destruidos permanentemente”.

25Entonces Balaam se marchó y volvió a su país, y Balac se marchó también.

📖 Chapter study

Summary

Balaam pronounces a third and fourth oracle, this time without even seeking omens, being taken directly by the Spirit of God. He prophesies Israel's future greatness and even mentions a 'star out of Jacob' who will come to rule, besides predicting the defeat of Moab, Edom, and other peoples.

Explanation

The change in Balaam — who no longer resorts to divination rituals but simply receives God's message directly — suggests a growth (even if perhaps only circumstantial) in his recognition that he cannot manipulate the process. The prophecy of the 'star that shall come out of Jacob, and a scepter that shall rise out of Israel' (v. 17) is one of the most debated messianic prophecies of the Old Testament, traditionally associated with King David in its near fulfillment, but seen by many Christians as also pointing, in a broader sense, to Christ. Despite repeatedly blessing Israel, Balaam is later revealed (Numbers 31:16) as the counselor behind the plan to seduce Israel through Moabite women — showing that recognizing spiritual truths is not the same as having a truly transformed heart.

Fun facts

  • The 'star out of Jacob' (v. 17) was invoked by Simon Bar Kokhba ('son of the star'), leader of the Jewish revolt against Rome in AD 132, who claimed to be the messiah promised in this prophecy — one of the most dramatic and tragic historical uses of this biblical passage.
  • Despite blessing Israel four times in a row in this episode, Balaam is remembered negatively throughout the rest of the Bible (2 Peter 2:15, Jude 1:11, Revelation 2:14) as a symbol of religious greed and corrupting counsel, showing that true prophetic words do not automatically redeem the character of the one who speaks them.

Verse-by-verse explanation

  1. Números 24:1Realizing that God wanted to bless Israel no matter what, Balaam gives up repeating the rituals of divination and simply looks out toward the wilderness.
  2. Números 24:2Seeing Israel’s camp arranged tribe by tribe, the Spirit of God comes upon Balaam.
  3. Números 24:3He begins his third poem, presenting himself as the man with open eyes, someone who sees beyond the ordinary.
  4. Números 24:4Balaam describes himself as one who hears the words of God and sees visions of the Almighty, falling into a trance with his eyes open.
  5. Números 24:5He directly praises the beauty of Israel’s tents and dwellings, in a tone very different from the curse Balak had hoped for.
  6. Números 24:6He compares the people to spreading valleys, gardens beside rivers, trees planted by the LORD Himself along the waters.
  7. Números 24:7Balaam predicts abundance and prosperity for Israel, with a king who would be exalted above other kings known at the time.
  8. Números 24:8He repeats the reminder that it was God who brought the people out of Egypt, with the strength of a wild ox, able to defeat their enemies.
  9. Números 24:9Balaam repeats, now in the form of a poem, the same promise made to Abraham: whoever blesses Israel will be blessed, and whoever curses it will be cursed. Even though he was paid to do the opposite, he confirms the blessing on the people for the third time.
  10. Números 24:10Balak finally loses all patience, claps his hands in anger, and complains that this is the third time Balaam has only blessed instead of cursing.
  11. Números 24:11Balak tells Balaam to leave, saying the promised honor will no longer happen, since it was the LORD Himself who prevented it.
  12. Números 24:12Balaam recalls that he had already warned Balak’s messengers about this limitation from the very beginning.
  13. Números 24:13He repeats that not even a house full of silver and gold would make him disobey the LORD, speaking only what he was told, whether good or bad.
  14. Números 24:14Before leaving, Balaam still offers Balak one extra warning: what that people would do to his people in the distant future.
  15. Números 24:15He recites his fourth and final poem, presenting himself again as the man with open eyes.
  16. Números 24:16He repeats that he hears the words of God and knows the knowledge of the Most High, having visions of the Almighty in a trance.
  17. Números 24:17In this poetic prophecy, Balaam speaks of a “Star” and a “Sceptre” that will arise from Israel, linked to victory and dominion over neighboring peoples such as Moab. The original text probably referred to a future king of Israel, but the verse became famous for being read later, in other traditions, in different ways.
  18. Números 24:18Balaam prophesies that Edom would be conquered, along with Seir, while Israel acts with strength and success.
  19. Números 24:19He announces that someone from Jacob will dominate and destroy the survivors of the enemy cities.
  20. Números 24:20Turning his attention to the Amalekites, Balaam prophesies that, despite being first among the nations, their final destiny is destruction.
  21. Números 24:21Looking at the Kenites, he describes their dwelling as secure, like a nest built high up among the rocks.
  22. Números 24:22Even so, he predicts that the Kenites would be carried away captive by Asshur in the future.
  23. Números 24:23Balaam recites yet another poem, lamenting who would survive when God carried all of this out.
  24. Números 24:24He predicts ships coming from Chittim that would afflict Asshur and other peoples, but that would also end up destroyed in the end.
  25. Números 24:25With all of this finished, Balaam gets up and returns to his own land, and Balak also goes his own way, without having obtained the curse he was seeking.

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