Deuteronomio 6

VBL · Chapter 6/34

1Estos son los mandamientos y ordenanzas que el Señor su Dios me ha pedido que les enseñe a seguir en el país que van a entrar y habitar.

2Esto es para que tú y tus hijos y nietos muestren respeto al Señor tu Dios a lo largo de sus vidas guardando todas sus reglas y preceptos que yo te doy, y para que tengas una larga vida.

3Escucha, pueblo de Israel, y está atento a observarlas, para que les vaya bien y tengan mucha descendencia en una tierra que fluye leche y miel, tal como se los prometió el Señor, el Dios de sus antepasados.

4Escucha, pueblo de Israel, el Señor nuestro Dios, el Señor es el único.

5Amarás al Señor tu Dios con toda tu mente, con todo tu ser y con todas tus fuerzas.

6Las órdenes que les doy hoy deben permanecer en sus mentes.

7Deberán explicarlas cuidadosamente a sus hijos y hablar de ellas cuando estén en casa y al viajar, cuando se acuesten y cuando se levanten.

8Amárrenlas en sus manos como recordatorio y pónganlas también en sus frentes.

9Escríbanlas en los postes de sus casas y en sus puertas.

10El Señor tu Dios te llevará al país que prometió darte a ti y a tus antepasados, Abraham, Isaac y Jacob. Es un país con grandes y prósperas ciudades que no construiste,

11con casas llenas de muchas cosas buenas que no proporcionaste, que tienen pozos que no cavaste, y viñedos y olivares que no plantaste. Cuando comas y estés lleno

12asegúrate de no olvidarte del Señor que te sacó de Egipto, de la prisión de la esclavitud.

13Respeta al Señor tu Dios, adórale sólo a él, y haz sólo promesas en su nombre.

14No adores a ningún otro dios, ni a los dioses de los pueblos que te rodean,

15porque el Señor tu Dios, que vive entre ustedes, es un Dios exclusivo, y el Señor tu Dios se enfadará contigo y te aniquilará.

16No pongas a prueba al Señor tu Dios como lo hiciste en Massa.

17Debes tener cuidado de guardar los mandamientos del Señor tu Dios y las leyes y reglas que te ha dado.

18Haz lo que es bueno y correcto ante los ojos del Señor para que te vaya bien y puedas entrar y apoderarte de la buena tierra que el Señor tu Dios prometió dar a tus antepasados,

19Él expulsará a todos tus enemigos delante de ti, tal como dijo.

20En el futuro, cuando tus hijos vengan y te pregunten: “¿Qué sentido tienen los decretos y preceptos que el Señor nuestro Dios te ordenó seguir?”

21entonces les dirás: “Una vez fuimos esclavos del Faraón en Egipto, pero el Señor por su poder nos sacó de Egipto.

22Ante nuestros ojos el Señor hizo señales y milagros increíbles y aterradores sobre Egipto, sobre el Faraón y sobre todo su pueblo.

23Pero nos sacó de allí para traernos aquí, dándonos este país que les había prometido a nuestros antepasados.

24El Señor nos ordenó que guardáramos todas estas leyes y que respetáramos al Señor nuestro Dios, para que siempre estuviéramos seguros y salvos, como lo estamos hoy.

25Y si observamos cuidadosamente cada uno de estos mandamientos mientras vivimos en la presencia del Señor, como nos instruyó, entonces estaremos en paz con él”.

📖 Chapter study

Summary

Moses presents the Shema ('Hear, O Israel: The Lord our God is one Lord'), the central command to love God with all one's heart, soul, and strength, and instructs that these words be diligently taught to one's children at every moment of daily life.

Explanation

The Shema became, historically, the most fundamental declaration of faith in Judaism, recited daily to this day, summing up all of Israel's theology in one simple statement: there is one God, and he demands total, not partial, devotion. The instruction to teach these words 'when thou sittest in thine house, and when thou walkest by the way, and when thou liest down, and when thou risest up' shows that biblical faith was never meant to be an isolated compartment of formal religious life, but something woven into every moment of everyday family life. Jesus quotes this commandment as the greatest of all (Mark 12:29-30), confirming its permanent centrality. The application for today: passing on faith to the next generation happens more through natural, everyday conversations than through formal moments of religious instruction alone.

Fun facts

  • The Shema is traditionally the last sentence a practicing Jew seeks to utter before death, and the first prayer a Jewish child learns, showing its unique place as a spiritual anchor from the beginning to the end of life.
  • The instructions to bind the words 'upon thine hand' and as 'frontlets between thine eyes' (v. 8) gave rise to the tefillin (phylacteries), small leather boxes containing passages from the Torah, still worn by Orthodox Jews during morning prayer.

Verse-by-verse explanation

  1. Deuteronomio 6:1It introduces the block of laws that follows: commandments, statutes, and judgments the people were to practice as soon as they entered the promised land.
  2. Deuteronomio 6:2The stated goal of the law is the fear of God across generations — themselves, their children, their grandchildren — securing a long life.
  3. Deuteronomio 6:3Moses asks for full attention: keeping these laws is the way to prosper and grow in the land described as “the land that floweth with milk and honey.”
  4. Deuteronomio 6:4This is the Shema, the most repeated statement of the Jewish faith: it affirms that there is one LORD, not several regional gods as the neighboring peoples believed, and it calls for total love — heart, soul, and strength — as the response to that oneness.
  5. Deuteronomio 6:5This is the second half of the Shema: after affirming that there is one God, comes the command to love Him with everything — heart, soul, and strength, without reservation.
  6. Deuteronomio 6:6Right after the Shema comes the core requirement: these words are not meant to stay only in the head, they must be engraved on the heart.
  7. Deuteronomio 6:7The instruction to bind the words of the law on the hand and use them as a sign between the eyes gave rise, centuries later, to the Jewish custom of tefillin, small boxes with passages of the law tied to the arm and the forehead during prayer. In the original text it is more likely an image of constant remembrance than a literal command.
  8. Deuteronomio 6:8The instruction to bind the words as a sign on the hand and on the forehead gave rise, centuries later, to the Jewish custom of tefillin worn in prayer.
  9. Deuteronomio 6:9It also commands writing the law on the doorposts and gates of the house — a physical way of keeping the memory always visible in daily life.
  10. Deuteronomio 6:10It looks ahead to arriving in a land already made ready: great, good cities the people would not need to build from scratch.
  11. Deuteronomio 6:11It completes the list of ready-made blessings: houses full of goods, wells already dug, vineyards and olive groves already planted — all inherited, not earned by their own effort.
  12. Deuteronomio 6:12Precisely because everything comes ready-made, the warning follows: be careful not to forget that it was God who brought the people out of slavery in Egypt.
  13. Deuteronomio 6:13The response to so much blessing should be fear, service, and loyalty to God, including in oaths made in His name.
  14. Deuteronomio 6:14It reinforces the ban on following the gods of the neighboring peoples who would surround Israel in the new land.
  15. Deuteronomio 6:15The reason repeated is God’s jealousy: unfaithfulness on this point would kindle an anger capable of destroying the people out of their own land.
  16. Deuteronomio 6:16Massah was where the people doubted whether God was really with them and demanded proof, an episode told in Exodus 17. The warning here is against repeating that kind of test: demanding extra proof from God after He has already shown He keeps His promises.
  17. Deuteronomio 6:17It calls for active diligence in keeping commandments, testimonies, and statutes — knowing is not enough, they must be carefully practiced.
  18. Deuteronomio 6:18Doing what is right and good in God’s eyes is presented as the practical key to prospering and taking possession of the promised land.
  19. Deuteronomio 6:19The reward for that obedience would be the driving out of the enemies from before the people, just as God had already promised.
  20. Deuteronomio 6:20It looks ahead to a future scene: a son asking the reason for all the laws and rules the family follows.
  21. Deuteronomio 6:21The suggested answer begins by telling their own story: we were slaves of Pharaoh, and the LORD brought us out of there with a strong hand.
  22. Deuteronomio 6:22It continues the summary to teach the children: the signs and the terrible plagues God brought against Pharaoh and all of Egypt, seen with their own eyes.
  23. Deuteronomio 6:23It closes the historical reminder: God brought the people out of Egypt precisely to give them the land promised to their ancestors.
  24. Deuteronomio 6:24The final explanation for the son is that keeping these laws is for the people’s own good, securing life and ongoing protection.
  25. Deuteronomio 6:25It ends with an important idea: carrying out the commandments before God would be counted as righteousness for the people.

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