Juan 13

VBL · Chapter 13/21

1Era el día antes de la fiesta de la Pascua, y Jesús sabía que había llegado la hora de abandonar este mundo y volver a su Padre. Había amado a quienes estaban en el mundo y que eran suyos, y ahora les había demostrado por completo su amor hacia ellos.

2Era el momento de la cena, y el diablo ya había inculcado la idea de traicionar a Jesús en la mente de Judas, el hijo de Simón Iscariote.

3Jesús sabía que el Padre había puesto todas las cosas bajo su autoridad, y él había venido de Dios y ahora iba a regresar a Dios.

4Entonces Jesús se levantó en medio de la cena, quitó su bata y se ciñó con una toalla.

5Echó agua en un tazón y comenzó a lavar los pies de sus discípulos, secándolos con la toalla con la que se había ceñido.

6Se acercó a Simón Pedro, quien le preguntó: “Señor, ¿vas a lavar mis pies?”

7Jesús respondió: “Ahora no entenderás lo que estoy haciendo por ti. Pero un día entenderás”.

8“¡No!” protestó Pedro. “¡Nunca lavarás mis pies!”

9“¡Entonces, Señor, no laves solamente mis pies, sino también mis manos y mi cabeza!” exclamó Simón Pedro.

10Jesús respondió, “Cualquiera que ya se ha bañado, solo necesita lavar sus pies y entonces estará completamente limpio. Ustedes están limpios—pero no todos”.

11Pues él sabía quién era el que iba a traicionarlo. Por eso dijo “No todos están limpios”.

12Después que Jesús hubo lavado los pies de los discípulos, volvió a ponerse su bata y se sentó. “¿Entienden ustedes lo que les he hecho?” les preguntó.

13“Ustedes me llaman ‘Maestro’ y ‘Señor,’ y está bien que lo hagan, pues eso es lo que soy.

14Así que si yo, que soy su Maestro y su Señor, he lavado sus pies, ustedes deben lavarse los pies unos a otros.

15Yo les he dejado un ejemplo, para que ustedes hagan como yo hice.

16Les digo la verdad, los siervos no son más importantes que su amo, y el que es enviado no es mayor que quien lo envía.

17Ahora que ustedes entienden estas cosas, serán benditos si las hacen.

18No estoy hablando de todos ustedes—Yo conozco a los que he escogido. Pero para cumplir la Escritura: ‘El que comparte mi comida se ha vuelto contra mí’.

19Les digo ahora, antes de que ocurra, para que cuando ocurra, estén convencidos de que yo soy quien soy.

20Les digo la verdad, cualquiera que recibe a quien yo envío, me recibe a mí, y recibe a Aquél que me envió”.

21Después que dijo esto, Jesús estuvo profundamente atribulado, y declaró: “Les digo la verdad, uno de ustedes va a traicionarme”.

22Los discípulos se miraron unos a otros, preguntándose de cuál de ellos hablaba Jesús.

23El discípulo a quien Jesús amaba estaba sentado junto a él en la mesa, apoyado cerca de él.

24Simón Pedro le hizo señas para que le preguntara a Jesús de cuál de todos ellos hablaba.

25Entonces él se inclinó hacia Jesús y le preguntó, “Señor, ¿quién es?”

26Jesús respondió: “Es aquél a quien yo le entregue un trozo de pan después de haberlo mojado”.

27Después de haber mojado el trozo de pan, lo dio a Judas, hijo de Simón Iscariote. Cuando Judas tomó el pan, Satanás entró en él. “Lo que vas a hacer, hazlo rápido”, le dijo Jesús.

28Ninguno en la mesa entendió lo que Jesús quiso decir con esto.

29Como Judas estaba a cargo del dinero, algunos de ellos pensaron que Jesús le estaba diciendo que se fuera y comprara lo necesario para la fiesta de la Pascua, o que fuera a donar algo a los pobres.

30Judas se fue inmediatamente después que hubo tomado el trozo de pan y se marchó. Y era de noche.

31Después que Judas se fue, Jesús dijo: “Ahora el Hijo del hombre es glorificado, y por medio de él, Dios es glorificado.

32Si Dios es glorificado por medio de él, entonces Dios mismo glorificará al hijo, y lo glorificará inmediatamente.

33Mis hijos, yo estaré con ustedes solo un poco más. Me buscarán, pero les digo lo mismo que le dije a los judíos: adonde yo voy, ustedes no pueden ir.

34“Les estoy dando un nuevo mandato: ámense los unos a los otros. Ámense los unos a los otros de la misma manera que yo los he amado a ustedes.

35Si ustedes se aman los unos a los otros, demostrarán a todos que son mis discípulos”.

36Simón Pedro le preguntó: “¿Adónde vas, Señor?” Jesús respondió: “Adonde yo voy, ustedes no pueden seguirme. Ustedes me seguirán después”.

37“Señor, ¿por qué no puedo seguirte ahora?” preguntó Pedro. “Entregaré mi vida por ti”.

38“¿Realmente estás preparado para morir por mí? Te digo la verdad: antes de que el gallo cante tú me negarás tres veces”, le respondió Jesús.

📖 Chapter study

Summary

At the Last Supper, Jesus washes the disciples' feet as an example of humility and service. He reveals that he will be betrayed by Judas and gives a new commandment: to love one another as he loved them. He also predicts Peter's denial.

Explanation

Washing feet was a task reserved for slaves or servants of lower rank; Jesus, the Master, takes on this role to teach that true greatness lies in serving, not in being served. By handing the piece of bread to Judas, quietly identifying him as the traitor, Jesus shows full knowledge and control over the events about to unfold, even as he allows them to happen. The 'new commandment' to love one another as he loved them (v.34) sets a radical standard: not merely loving others as oneself (Leviticus 19:18), but loving as Christ loved — that is, sacrificially. The practical application today is that genuine Christian love proves itself in concrete acts of humble service, not just in words.

Fun facts

  • Washing guests' feet was a common custom in Jewish homes because of the sandals worn on dusty roads, but it was normally done by Gentile slaves, never by Jewish slaves — making Jesus' gesture even more shocking to the disciples.
  • The 'disciple whom Jesus loved' (v.23), reclining next to Jesus at the meal, is identified by Christian tradition as the very author of the Gospel, John, son of Zebedee, who never names himself directly anywhere in the book.

Verse-by-verse explanation

  1. Juan 13:1Marks a turning point in the Gospel: from here on, Jesus stops speaking in public and devotes Himself only to the disciples, knowing that His death is near — the KJV’s “he loved them unto the end” suggests a love carried all the way through to the final consequences.
  2. Juan 13:2The narrator reveals that Satan had already put the idea of betrayal into Judas’s heart before the scene of the foot washing — the plot against Jesus was already in motion during this last supper.
  3. Juan 13:3Jesus acts from a position of complete security: He knows that everything has been placed in His hands, and that He came from God and is going back to God — it is out of this confidence, not weakness, that the humble gesture that follows is born.
  4. Juan 13:4Jesus gets up, removes His outer robe, and ties a towel around His waist — reproducing exactly the posture of a slave getting ready to wash a guest’s feet, the humblest task there was.
  5. Juan 13:5Washing the feet of guests was a slave’s job, since people walked in sandals on dirt roads, and it was considered such lowly work that not even every Jewish slave could be forced to do it. Jesus doing this Himself for the disciples was, by the standards of the day, someone of much higher status lowering Himself to the role of the household’s humblest servant.
  6. Juan 13:6Peter’s reaction shows his shock at this reversal of roles: normally it would be unthinkable for a teacher to wash a disciple’s feet, let alone for the Lord to wash the feet of a servant.
  7. Juan 13:7Jesus acknowledges that Peter does not understand the full meaning of the gesture now, but promises that he will understand later — most likely after the crucifixion, once the explanation that follows sinks in.
  8. Juan 13:8Peter flatly refuses, and Jesus responds by tying this gesture to something greater: refusing to be washed by Him means, in practice, refusing to have any part with Jesus.
  9. Juan 13:9As usual, Peter overreacts, asking to have not just his feet washed but also his hands and head, without quite grasping the symbolism of the gesture.
  10. Juan 13:10Jesus explains the image: whoever has already bathed only needs to wash their feet, because the rest is already clean — and He adds, subtly, that not everyone there is truly clean, a veiled reference to Judas’s betrayal.
  11. Juan 13:11The narrator clarifies right away the reason behind that strange comment: Jesus already knew exactly who was going to betray Him.
  12. Juan 13:12After finishing the washing, Jesus puts His robe back on, sits down again, and asks whether they understood what He had just done — opening the way to explain the meaning of the gesture.
  13. Juan 13:13Jesus reaffirms His position of authority, Teacher and Lord, which makes the earlier gesture of humility all the more striking by contrast.
  14. Juan 13:14If even the Teacher and Lord washed their feet, the logical conclusion is that they too should do this same kind of humble service for one another.
  15. Juan 13:15Jesus makes clear that the point of the gesture was precisely to serve as a practical example to be repeated, not just an isolated, symbolic scene.
  16. Juan 13:16Reinforces the logic behind the example: if the servant is not greater than the master, nor the messenger greater than the one who sent him, it makes no sense for the disciples to refuse to serve one another in this same humble way.
  17. Juan 13:17Jesus points out that simply knowing this teaching is not enough: the real blessing comes from actually putting it into practice.
  18. Juan 13:18This expression comes from an ancient psalm and described the betrayal of someone once trusted, like a cowardly blow from behind. Jesus quotes this line to say that Judas’s coming betrayal had already been described centuries earlier — it was not a surprise that caught everyone off guard.
  19. Juan 13:19Jesus warns about the betrayal before it happens, so that when it does happen, the disciples will recognize it as one more confirmation of who He really is.
  20. Juan 13:20Describes a chain of representation: receiving whomever Jesus sends is the same as receiving Jesus Himself, and receiving Jesus is the same as receiving God, who sent Him.
  21. Juan 13:21After all this, Jesus is visibly troubled and announces openly, for the first time this directly, that one of them will betray Him.
  22. Juan 13:22The disciples exchange confused glances with one another, unable to figure out whom Jesus was talking about.
  23. Juan 13:23At the formal meals of that time, people did not sit in chairs at a table as we do today: they reclined on their sides, propped on an elbow, around a low table. Being reclined right next to someone, in front of him, was a position of closeness and trust, the place of honor beside the host, not a strange physical image.
  24. Juan 13:24Peter makes a discreet signal to the beloved disciple, who was positioned right next to Jesus at the table, asking him to ask directly who the traitor is.
  25. Juan 13:25That disciple leans in even closer to Jesus to ask the question privately, without the others hearing.
  26. Juan 13:26Jesus answers discreetly, through a gesture: He will identify the traitor by handing him a piece of dipped bread, a sign of honor at a meal — and He gives it precisely to Judas, which makes the moment even more ironic.
  27. Juan 13:27As soon as Judas receives the piece of bread, the text describes Satan entering him completely, and Jesus, already knowing everything, instructs him to act quickly, without further delay.
  28. Juan 13:28Even though all this happens right there at the table, none of the other disciples understands the real reason behind Jesus’s instruction to Judas.
  29. Juan 13:29Since Judas kept the group’s money, some think Jesus is simply telling him to buy something for the feast or give to the poor — showing how completely unnoticed the plan for the betrayal had gone up to this point.
  30. Juan 13:30Judas takes the piece of bread and leaves immediately; the detail “and it was night,” the KJV’s own wording, carries symbolic weight, linking his departure with darkness.
  31. Juan 13:31As soon as Judas leaves, and the process of the betrayal is already underway, Jesus declares that the moment of His glorification has come — the beginning of the final part of the Gospel.
  32. Juan 13:32Describes a mutual glorification: if God is glorified through Jesus, then God Himself will also glorify Jesus, and this will happen soon, without delay.
  33. Juan 13:33Jesus uses an affectionate term, the KJV’s “Little children,” rarely used this way elsewhere in the Gospel, to prepare the disciples for His departure, repeating the warning He had already given the Jews that they could not follow Him yet.
  34. Juan 13:34Presents the central command of this farewell discourse: to love one another following the very example of love Jesus had just shown by washing their feet.
  35. Juan 13:35Defines this mutual love as the visible sign that will identify Jesus’s disciples to everyone, more than any speech or miracle.
  36. Juan 13:36Peter asks where Jesus is going; the answer hints that Peter cannot follow Him now, but will follow Him later — a reference to Peter’s own martyrdom, told in more detail in chapter 21.
  37. Juan 13:37Peter reacts with overconfidence, saying he is ready to lay down his own life for Jesus right now — a claim the very next verse is about to dismantle.
  38. Juan 13:38The crowing of the rooster was a common way of marking the passage from the dead of night into dawn, without needing a clock. Jesus is predicting that before that moment of the day arrives, Peter will already have denied knowing Him three times, a prediction that comes true just hours later, in chapter 18.

Chapters

Our apps

Our apps →

Bible in Stories

The Bible told as a story, with audio and videos.

📱 Get the app

World in Stories

True stories of humanity that sound made up.

Feito! Pequenas Vitórias

A light daily routine for people who lose track of the day.