Lucas 5

VBL · Chapter 5/24

1Un día, mientras Jesús estaba junto al Mar de Galilea, muchas personas se amontonaron para escuchar la palabra de Dios.

2Jesús vio que había dos botes en la orilla, que habían sido dejados allí por los pescadores que se habían ido a lavar sus redes.

3Entonces Jesús se montó en uno de ellos, el que pertenecía a Simón, y le pidió que lo empujara hacia el agua, un poco más allá de la orilla. Entonces Jesús se sentó en el bote y desde allí les enseñaba a las personas.

4Después que terminó de hablar, le dijo a Simón: “Vayamos mar adentro, y lancen sus redes para pescar”.

5“Señor, trabajamos arduamente toda la noche y no atrapamos nada. Pero si tú lo dices, lanzaré las redes”, respondió Pedro.

6Habiendo hecho esto, un enorme banco de peces llenó las redes al punto que se rompían.

7Ellos hicieron señas a los compañeros que estaban en el otro bote, pidiéndoles que vinieran a ayudar. Entonces los otros pescadores vinieron y juntos llenaron ambos botes con peces. Y los botes estaban tan llenos que comenzaban a hundirse.

8Cuando Simón Pedro vio lo que había ocurrido, se postró de rodillas ante Jesús. “¡Señor, por favor, aléjate mí, porque soy un hombre pecador!” exclamó.

9Porque él y todos los que lo acompañaban estaban totalmente sorprendidos por la pesca que habían hecho.

10Santiago y Juan, quienes eran hijos de Zebedeo y compañeros de Simón, sentían lo mismo.

11Entonces arrastraron los botes hasta la orilla, dejaron todo y siguieron a Jesús.

12En cierta ocasión, cuando Jesús estaba visitando una de las aldeas, conoció allí a un hombre que tenía una lepra muy severa. El hombre se postró sobre su rostro al suelo y le suplicó a Jesús: “Por favor, Señor, si quieres puedes limpiarme”.

13Entonces Jesús se aproximó a él y lo tocó. “Quiero”, le dijo. “¡Queda limpio!” Y de inmediato la lepra desapareció.

14“No se lo cuentes a nadie”, le indicó Jesús. “Ve y preséntate tú ante el sacerdote y lleva la ofrenda ceremonial conforme a la ley de Moisés como prueba de que has sido sanado”.

15Sin embargo, la noticia acerca de Jesús se esparcía cada vez más. Grandes multitudes venían para escuchar a Jesús y para que los sanara de sus enfermedades.

16Pero Jesús a menudo solía retirarse a lugares tranquilos para orar.

17Un día, mientras Jesús enseñaba, los fariseos y los maestros religiosos que habían venido de Galilea, en Judea, y de Jerusalén, estaban allí sentados. Y el poder sanador del Señor estaba con él y por eso podía sanar.

18Llegaron unos hombres que traían a un hombre paralítico en una camilla. Trataron de entrar y ponerlo frente a Jesús.

19Pero no pudieron encontrar la forma de entrar en medio de tanta gente, de modo que subieron al techo e hicieron allí un hueco en el tejado. Luego bajaron al hombre en su camilla, justo en medio de la multitud que estaba frente a Jesús.

20Cuando Jesús vio la confianza que ellos tenían en él, dijo al hombre paralítico: “Tus pecados están perdonados”.

21Los maestros religiosos y los fariseos comenzaron a discutir este hecho. “¿Quién es este que dice blasfemias?” preguntaron. “¿Quién puede perdonar pecados? ¡Solo Dios puede hacerlo!”

22Jesús sabía la razón por la que ellos estaban discutiendo, así que les preguntó: “¿Por qué están cuestionando este hecho?

23¿Qué es más fácil? ¿Decir tus pecados están perdonados, o decir levántate y camina?

24Pero yo les demostraré que el Hijo del hombre tiene la autoridad para perdonar pecados aquí en la tierra”. Entonces le dijo al hombre paralítico: “Yo te digo: Levántate, recoge tu camilla y vete a casa”.

25De inmediato el hombre se puso en pie frente a ellos. Recogió la camilla donde había estado acostado, y se fue a casa, alabando a Dios por el camino.

26Y todos estaban completamente asombrados e impresionados por lo que había ocurrido, y alababan a Dios diciendo: “¡Lo que vimos hoy fue increíble!”

27Más tarde, cuando Jesús ya se marchaba de la aldea, vio a un recaudador de impuestos llamado Leví, sentado en su cabina de cobros de impuestos.

28Entonces Leví se levantó, dejó todo, y siguió a Jesús.

29Leví organizó un gran banquete en su casa, en honor a Jesús. Muchos recaudadores de impuestos y otras personas estaban entre la multitud que se sentó a comer con ellos. Pero los fariseos y los maestros religiosos fueron a reclamarle a los discípulos de Jesús, diciéndoles:

30“¿Por qué ustedes comen y beben con los recaudadores de impuestos y pecadores?”

31“Las personas que están sanas no necesitan de un médico, pero las personas enfermas sí lo necesitan”, respondió Jesús.

32“No vine a llamar al arrepentimiento a los que viven en rectitud. Vine a llamar a los pecadores”.

33“Bueno, los discípulos de Juan a menudo ayunan y oran, y los discípulos de los fariseos también lo hacen. Pero tus discípulos no, ellos andan comiendo y bebiendo”, le dijeron.

34“¿Acaso los invitados a la boda ayunan cuando el novio está con ellos?” preguntó Jesús.

35“No, pero viene el tiempo cuando el novio será quitado de en medio de ellos. Entonces ellos ayunarán”.

36Entonces les contó un relato para enseñarles: “Nadie quita un parche de la ropa nueva para remendar la ropa vieja. De lo contrario se arruinaría la ropa nueva, y el parche no quedaría bien con la ropa vieja.

37Nadie echa vino nuevo en odres viejos, porque si lo hicieran, el vino nuevo rompería los odres. Entonces se dañaría tanto el vino como los odres.

38El vino nuevo se echa en odres nuevos.

39Y nadie, después de beber vino viejo quiere vino nuevo, pues dicen: ‘el vino viejo sabe mejor’”.

📖 Chapter study

Summary

Jesus calls Peter, James, and John after a miraculous catch of fish. He heals a leper and a paralyzed man, calls the tax collector Levi (Matthew) to follow him, and teaches about fasting using the images of new wine and a patched garment.

Explanation

The miraculous catch of fish shows Peter his own smallness before Jesus' power ('depart from me, Lord, for I am a sinful man,' v.8), yet Jesus calls him anyway to become a 'fisher of men.' The healing of the paralyzed man reveals Jesus' authority to forgive sins, something only God could do — hence the Pharisees' reaction. The calling of Levi, a tax collector despised by society, shows that Jesus' call does not depend on a person's religious résumé. Today's application is that no one is beyond the reach of God's call.

Fun facts

  • Tax collectors like Levi worked for the Roman government and were seen as traitors and thieves by their own Jewish countrymen, which makes Jesus' invitation radical.
  • The expression 'new wine into old wineskins' (v.37-38) reflects an actual practice of the time: leather wineskins hardened with age and could burst under the fermentation of wine still in process.

Verse-by-verse explanation

  1. Lucas 5:1The lake of Gennesaret is another name for the Sea of Galilee — the scene shows Jesus’s fame already big enough for the crowd to press in on Him, eager to hear the word of God.
  2. Lucas 5:2The fishermen are washing their nets after a night of work — fishing was usually done at night, when fish were easier to attract and the nets less visible underwater.
  3. Lucas 5:3Jesus uses Simon’s boat as an improvised pulpit, pulling a little away from the shore to teach without being crowded by the multitude gathered on the bank.
  4. Lucas 5:4After teaching, Jesus goes beyond simply borrowing the boat: He tells Simon to head into deeper water and let down the nets again, this time to actually fish.
  5. Lucas 5:5Simon’s reply reveals the doubt of an experienced fisherman, not laziness: they had already worked the whole night, the right time for fishing, with no results at all — even so, he obeys Jesus’s word.
  6. Lucas 5:6The catch is so large the nets begin to break — an immediate, visible confirmation that Jesus’s command was worth following.
  7. Lucas 5:7Both boats fill up with fish so much they nearly sink — a very concrete detail showing just how extraordinary the miracle was.
  8. Lucas 5:8Simon Peter’s reaction, falling at Jesus’s feet and declaring himself a sinner, recalls Old Testament prophets facing a clear manifestation of God’s power — a mix of reverence and fear at being near the sacred.
  9. Lucas 5:9The text explains the reason behind Peter’s reaction: amazement at the sheer number of fish had taken hold of him and everyone there.
  10. Lucas 5:10James and John, sons of Zebedee, are Simon’s partners in fishing — the same group that will later form the closest circle among Jesus’s disciples.
  11. Lucas 5:11Leaving everything — boats, nets, a record catch just made — to follow Jesus shows just how much trust that miracle produced.
  12. Lucas 5:12“Full of leprosy” describes an advanced case of the disease. The man falls down and uses a conditional request, “if thou wilt,” recognizing that the decision to heal him belongs to Jesus alone.
  13. Lucas 5:13Touching a leper would normally leave anyone ritually unclean — Jesus reverses that logic: instead of becoming contaminated, He purifies the man simply by touching him.
  14. Lucas 5:14A priest did not treat leprosy, but he was the one with the authority to examine and officially declare a person clean, allowing them to rejoin the community. Jesus tells the man to carry out this official procedure, which would serve as public proof of the healing.
  15. Lucas 5:15Even after asking the healed leper to keep quiet, Jesus’s fame keeps growing, and ever larger crowds gather to hear Him and be healed.
  16. Lucas 5:16Amid this growing demand, Jesus withdraws alone to deserted places to pray — a pattern Luke shows repeating several times throughout the gospel.
  17. Lucas 5:17The presence of Pharisees and teachers of the law who had come from all over Galilee, Judea, and even Jerusalem shows that Jesus’s reputation had already reached religious leadership across a much wider region than just the local area.
  18. Lucas 5:18Some men try to bring a paralyzed man on a mat to Jesus — their effort is already the first sign of the faith Jesus will praise later.
  19. Lucas 5:19Houses of that era had flat roofs, made of wooden beams covered with clay and branches, and it was usually possible to climb up by an outside staircase. Opening a passage there was hard work, but not impossible — which shows just how determined the paralyzed man’s friends were.
  20. Lucas 5:20Faced with their faith — not only the paralyzed man’s, but that of the people who carried him there — Jesus does something unexpected: instead of healing him right away, He first declares his sins forgiven.
  21. Lucas 5:21To the scribes, sin was a debt owed to God, and only God — through the temple’s sacrificial system — could settle that debt. That is why their reaction is not an overreaction: someone declaring forgiveness of sins on their own authority sounded like they were putting themselves in God’s place.
  22. Lucas 5:22Jesus perceives the scribes’ hostile thoughts without their needing to say anything out loud — this supernatural perception is, on its own, further evidence of unusual authority.
  23. Lucas 5:23Jesus’s question is rhetorical: declaring forgiveness is an invisible claim, impossible to verify on the spot, while telling someone to walk can be checked right there, in front of everyone.
  24. Lucas 5:24“Son of man” is a title Jesus often uses for Himself, taken from the book of Daniel — here He uses the paralyzed man’s visible healing as public proof of an invisible authority, that of forgiving sins.
  25. Lucas 5:25The obedience is immediate and complete: the man gets up, carries his own mat, and goes home praising God — from paralyzed to fully functional, instantly.
  26. Lucas 5:26The crowd’s reaction mixes amazement, praise, and fear — the phrase “we have seen strange things” shows they feel they have witnessed something outside any familiar category.
  27. Lucas 5:27Levi, the tax collector, is called straight out of his own tax booth — a call just as unexpected as the fishermen’s had been before him.
  28. Lucas 5:28Levi’s response follows the same pattern as the fishermen’s: he drops everything, including a stable source of income, to follow Jesus immediately.
  29. Lucas 5:29Eating at someone’s table, in that culture, was a gesture of acceptance and closeness, not just any meal. That is why the Pharisees are bothered: Jesus is not just talking with tax collectors and disreputable people, He is publicly associating with them by sharing a table.
  30. Lucas 5:30Pharisees and their scribes complain about seeing the disciples eat with tax collectors and sinners — in that culture, sharing a table with someone was a gesture of social acceptance, not just a meal.
  31. Lucas 5:31Jesus uses the image of a physician: those who are healthy do not need treatment, only those who are sick — justifying why He seeks out exactly the people religious society rejected.
  32. Lucas 5:32This sentence sums up the target of Jesus’s mission: He did not come to validate those who already considered themselves righteous, He came to call sinners to repentance.
  33. Lucas 5:33The question compares the disciples of John and the Pharisees, who fasted and prayed often, to Jesus’s disciples, who did not follow that practice — setting up the answer about the bridegroom that follows.
  34. Lucas 5:34Guests at a Jewish wedding were excused from fasting for as long as the celebration lasted — it would be strange to fast during a time of celebration. Jesus compares Himself to the bridegroom present at the feast: as long as He is there with the disciples, it makes no sense for them to fast as a sign of mourning or waiting.
  35. Lucas 5:35Jesus anticipates that when the bridegroom (Himself) is taken from them, a veiled reference to His future death, then His disciples will fast as a sign of mourning.
  36. Lucas 5:36The parable of the new patch on an old garment uses a very ordinary everyday scene to show that Jesus’s message is not just an adjustment to the old religion, but something structurally new.
  37. Lucas 5:37Wineskins were leather bags that still had elasticity to stretch as new wine fermented and expanded; an old wineskin had already stretched to its limit and would burst under that pressure. It is a practical, everyday observation — everyone there knew from experience what happened if you used the wrong wineskin.
  38. Lucas 5:38The practical conclusion of the parable of the wineskins: new wine calls for new containers, or both are ruined — reinforcing that the newness Jesus brought needs a new structure to be properly received.
  39. Lucas 5:39This closing comment sounds almost ironic: someone used to old wine thinks it is better and resists trying the new — a subtle comment on how many resisted accepting what Jesus was bringing.

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