Isaías 50

VBL · Chapter 50/66

1Esto es lo que dice el Señor: ¿Dónde está el certificado de divorcio de tu madre que le di cuando la despedí? ¿A cuál de mis acreedores te vendí? Mira. Fuiste vendido por tus pecados, y tu madre fue despedida por tu maldad.

2Cuando vine, ¿por qué no había nadie? Cuando llamé, ¿por qué no respondió nadie? ¿Es porque no tengo la fuerza para salvarte, o el poder para rescatarte? ¿No ves que si lo ordeno, el mar se secará? Puedo convertir los ríos en un desierto. Sus peces apestan porque han muerto de sed al no haber agua.

3Puedo hacer que los cielos se oscurezcan, cubriéndolos de tela de saco como si estuvieran de luto.

4El Señor Dios me ha dado la capacidad de enseñar a otros, de saber animar con una palabra a los que están agotados. Él me despierta cada mañana; me ayuda a escuchar como discípulo.

5El Señor Dios me ha instruido, y no he sido rebelde ni me he apartado.

6Ofrecí mi espalda para que me golpearan y mis mejillas para que me tiraran de la barba. No escondí mi rostro de sus burlas y escupitajos.

7El Señor Dios me ayuda, por lo que no he sido deshonrado. Por eso estoy tan decidido, poniendo mi rostro duro como una piedra, sabiendo que no seré humillado.

8El que me reivindica está cerca, así que ¿quién va a presentar cargos contra mí? ¡Pongámonos de pie para oponernos unos a otros! ¡Venga el que quiera acusarme!

9El Señor Dios me defiende. ¿Quién va a declararme culpable? ¡Miren! Los que lo intenten se desharán como la ropa vieja, devorada por las polillas.

10¿Quién de ustedes respeta al Señor y obedece lo que dice su siervo? ¿Quién de ustedes camina en las tinieblas y no tiene luz? Que confíen en el Señor y pongan su confianza en Dios.

11¡Cuidado con los que encienden el fuego, con los que levantan antorchas! Adelante, caminen a la luz de su propio fuego y de las antorchas que ustedes mismos han encendido. Esto es lo que recibirán de mí: Se irán a acostar en un lugar de sufrimiento.

📖 Chapter study

Summary

God rhetorically asks whether he abandoned his people for any valid reason, making clear the fault was theirs. The third Servant Song shows someone who voluntarily endures physical humiliation, yet trusts completely that God will help him and he will not be put to shame.

Explanation

The question "where is the bill of your mother's divorcement...?" uses the legal language of Israelite family law to challenge the idea that God had abandoned Israel without cause — the implied answer is that the people themselves had drifted away because of their sins. The third Servant Song describes someone who gives his back "to the smiters" and his cheeks "to them that plucked off the hair," not hiding his face "from shame and spitting" — a description of voluntary suffering and resilience that the New Testament directly links to the passion of Jesus. The Servant's confidence, "the Lord GOD will help me; therefore shall I not be confounded," models a faith that endures even amid unjust mistreatment. The practical application today is that suffering unjustly for doing what is right, while holding on to trust in God, is a pattern of integrity that runs through the whole of Scripture.

Fun facts

  • The description of someone who offers "his back to the smiters" and "his cheeks to them that plucked off the hair" is interpreted by Christian tradition as a detailed prophecy of Jesus's physical suffering before the crucifixion.
  • The concept of a "bill of divorcement" (v.1) refers to an actual legal document required by the Mosaic Law (Deuteronomy 24:1) to formalize a separation, used here metaphorically for the relationship between God and his people.

Verse-by-verse explanation

  1. Isaías 50:1The question about the bill of divorcement rhetorically asks whether God formally rejected the people, the way a husband does in divorcing a wife. The implied answer is no: it was the people’s own wrongdoings that caused the separation.
  2. Isaías 50:2The question “was there no man” challenges the people’s lack of response when God called, and the list of powers — drying up the sea, turning a river into a wilderness — reinforces that the distance isn’t due to any lack of strength on God’s part.
  3. Isaías 50:3Clothing the heavens in blackness and covering them with sackcloth, the fabric used for mourning, is an image of an eclipse or storm described as a gesture of cosmic mourning, reinforcing the universal reach of the power mentioned in the previous verse.
  4. Isaías 50:4“The tongue of the learned” describes the ability to speak the right word at the right time to someone who is weary, and “wakeneth morning by morning” suggests a daily habit of listening before any word is spoken.
  5. Isaías 50:5“Opened mine ear” and “was not rebellious” describe active obedience: this voice of the Servant presents itself as someone who listens and responds without resisting, unlike the rebellious people criticized in earlier chapters.
  6. Isaías 50:6The back given to those who strike and the face to those who pluck out the hair appear in the third Servant Song, now with details of physical suffering and public humiliation. Again, Jewish and Christian readers associate this figure with different references, without the text declaring who it is.
  7. Isaías 50:7“My face like a flint” is an image of unshakable determination, someone resolved to press on despite opposition, trusting in God’s help so as not to be humiliated in the end.
  8. Isaías 50:8The courtroom language, “who will contend with me,” “let us stand together,” describes the Servant daring any accuser to come forward formally, confident that he will be justified.
  9. Isaías 50:9Comparing the accusers to a garment slowly destroyed by the moth describes the idea that any opposition, however threatening it seems now, will wear out and disappear over time.
  10. Isaías 50:10The question about who fears the Lord and listens to the Servant extends the invitation to the reader: even walking in darkness with no light at all, the advice is to trust in the name of the Lord rather than give up.
  11. Isaías 50:11Girding oneself with sparks is a warning against trusting in solutions of one’s own making, like someone lighting their own fire instead of waiting for God’s light. The warning is that this kind of homemade light ends up leading to torment, not safety.

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