Esdras 7

VBL · Chapter 7/10

1Después de todo esto, durante el reinado de Artajerjes, rey de Persia, llegó Esdras desde Babilonia. Era hijo de Seraías, hijo de Azarías, hijo de Hilcías,

2hijo de Salum, hijo de Sadoc, hijo de Ajitub,

3hijo de Amarías, hijo de Azarías, hijo de Meraiot,

4hijo de Zeraías, hijo de Uzí, hijo de Bucí,

5hijo de Abisúa, hijo de Finees, hijo de Eleazar, hijo del sumo sacerdote Aarón.

6Este Esdras llegó de Babilonia y era un escriba experto en la Ley de Moisés, que el Señor, el Dios de Israel, había dado a Israel. El rey había concedido a Esdras todo lo que había pedido, porque el Señor, su Dios, estaba con él.

7En el séptimo año del rey Artajerjes partió hacia Jerusalén, acompañado de parte del pueblo de Israel y de algunos de los sacerdotes y levitas, cantores y porteros, y servidores del Templo.

8Esdras llegó a Jerusalén en el quinto mes del séptimo año del reinado de Artajerjes.

9Había emprendido el viaje desde Babilonia el primer día del primer mes, y llegó a Jerusalén el primer día del quinto mes, yendo con él su Dios bondadoso.

10Porque Esdras se había comprometido a adquirir conocimientos de la Ley del Señor, queriendo practicarla y enseñar en Israel sus reglas y cómo vivir.

11Esta es una copia de la carta que el rey Artajerjes entregó al sacerdote y escriba Esdras, que había estudiado los mandamientos y reglamentos del Señor dados a Israel:

12“Artajerjes, rey de reyes, al sacerdote Esdras, el escriba de la Ley del Dios del cielo: Saludos.

13Por la presente emito este decreto: Cualquiera del pueblo de Israel o de sus sacerdotes o levitas en mi reino que voluntariamente decida ir a Jerusalén con ustedes puede hacerlo.

14Ustedes son enviados por el rey y sus siete consejeros para investigar la situación en Judá y Jerusalén en lo que se refiere a la Ley de su Dios, que ustedes llevan consigo.

15También te ordenamos que lleves contigo la plata y el oro que el rey y sus consejeros han donado voluntariamente al Dios de Israel, que vive en Jerusalén,

16junto con toda la plata y el oro que recibas de la provincia de Babilonia, así como las donaciones voluntarias del pueblo y los sacerdotes al Templo de su Dios en Jerusalén.

17Con este dinero comprarás primero todos los toros, carneros y corderos que sean necesarios, junto con sus ofrendas de grano y de bebida, y los presentarás en el altar del Templo de tu Dios en Jerusalén.

18Luego, tú y los que están contigo pueden decidir usar el resto de la plata y el oro de la manera que mejor les parezca, de acuerdo con la voluntad de tu Dios.

19“Pero los objetos que te han dado para el servicio del Templo de tu Dios deben ser entregados todos al Dios de Jerusalén.

20Si hay alguna otra cosa necesaria para el Templo de tu Dios que tengas que proveer, puedes cargarla al tesoro real.

21“Yo, el rey Artajerjes, decreto que todos los tesoreros al oeste del Éufrates deben proveer todo lo que el sacerdote Esdras, el escriba de la Ley del Dios del cielo, les pida, y debe ser provisto en su totalidad,

22hasta cien talentos de plata, cien corsos de trigo, cien baños de vino, cien baños de aceite de oliva y cantidades ilimitadas de sal.

23Asegúrate de proveer en su totalidad todo lo que el Dios del cielo requiera para su Templo, pues ¿por qué habría de caer su ira sobre el rey y sus hijos?

24Ten en cuenta también que todos los sacerdotes, levitas, cantores, porteros, sirvientes del Templo u otros trabajadores de este Templo están exentos de pagar cualquier impuesto, tributo o tasa, y no estás autorizado a cobrarles.

25“Tú, Esdras, debes seguir la sabiduría de tu Dios que posees, debes nombrar magistrados y jueces para impartir justicia a todo el pueblo al oeste del Éufrates, a todos los que siguen las leyes de tu Dios. Tú deberás enseñar estas leyes a los que no las cumplen.

26Cualquiera que no cumpla la ley de tu Dios y la ley del rey, será castigado severamente, ya sea con la muerte, el destierro, la confiscación de bienes o la prisión”.

27Alabado sea el Señor, el Dios de nuestros antepasados, que puso en la mente del rey honrar así el Templo del Señor en Jerusalén,

28y que me ha mostrado tanta bondad al honrarme ante el rey, sus consejeros y todos sus altos funcionarios. Como el Señor, mi Dios, estaba conmigo, me animé y convoqué a los jefes de Israel para que regresaran conmigo a Jerusalén.

📖 Chapter study

Summary

Decades later, Ezra, a priest and scribe skilled in the Law of Moses, travels from Babylon to Jerusalem with authorization from King Artaxerxes to teach the law and organize the people's religious life.

Explanation

Ezra is introduced with a long priestly genealogy that links him to Aaron, establishing his religious authority, and is described as someone who 'prepared his heart to seek the Law of the Lord, to practice it, and to teach it' — an important sequence: first live out the Word, then teach it. King Artaxerxes's letter, reproduced almost in full, shows a surprisingly generous show of support from a pagan ruler toward the Jewish religion, including financial resources and authority to appoint judges. This once again reinforces how God uses authorities outside his people to fulfill his purposes. Today's application is Ezra's model: study, live it out, and only then teach.

Fun facts

  • Ezra's journey took place about 60 years after the dedication of the temple (chapter 6), so there is a large gap in time between chapters 6 and 7 of the book.
  • The title 'a scribe skilled in the Law of Moses' indicates that Ezra belonged to a class of scholars who copied, preserved, and interpreted the sacred texts — an essential profession before the invention of the printing press.

Verse-by-verse explanation

  1. Esdras 7:1The chapter makes a great leap forward in time, decades after the temple's dedication, and introduces Ezra through a long genealogy that traces back to Aaron's priestly family.
  2. Esdras 7:2Ezra's genealogy continues, listing ancestors reaching back through generations of recognized priests in Israel.
  3. Esdras 7:3Three more generations are named, reinforcing that Ezra's authority came from an unbroken and well-documented priestly line.
  4. Esdras 7:4The list of ancestors keeps climbing generation by generation, a common device in the Bible for establishing someone's legitimacy before telling their story.
  5. Esdras 7:5The genealogy ends exactly at Aaron, Israel's first high priest and brother of Moses — proving that Ezra came from the highest possible priestly line.
  6. Esdras 7:6Ezra goes up from Babylon decades after the first wave of returnees, and the text describes him as “a ready scribe in the law of Moses.” He is no ordinary priest: he is an expert in the Torah, which explains why the Persian king trusts him to organize the province's religious and legal life.
  7. Esdras 7:7Traveling with Ezra is a new group of priests, Levites, singers, porters, and Nethinims, decades after the first wave that had returned with Zerubbabel.
  8. Esdras 7:8The journey ends in the fifth month of the seventh year of Artaxerxes's reign, a chronological detail that helps pin down exactly when Ezra reaches Jerusalem.
  9. Esdras 7:9The whole journey, from Babylon to Jerusalem, took about four months — a long trek that the text credits to the good hand of God upon Ezra.
  10. Esdras 7:10This is one of the most quoted verses in the book: Ezra had three commitments, in this order — to seek the law, to do it, and only then to teach it to Israel. The order of the verbs matters as much as the verbs themselves.
  11. Esdras 7:11Here begins the transcription of the official letter King Artaxerxes wrote to Ezra, a document that takes up a good part of the rest of the chapter.
  12. Esdras 7:12Artaxerxes's letter addresses Ezra as “a scribe of the law of the God of heaven” and grants him official authority to act in the empire's name within Judah. It is a rare document: a foreign king formally recognizing another people's law as valid within his own territory.
  13. Esdras 7:13The decree grants total freedom: any Israelite, priest, or Levite who wished to accompany Ezra to Jerusalem had the king's own official permission.
  14. Esdras 7:14Ezra receives an official mission: to inquire, in the name of the king and his seven counselors, whether Judah and Jerusalem were following the law of their own God.
  15. Esdras 7:15The king also has Ezra carry freewill offerings of silver and gold, given by himself and his counselors to the God of Israel.
  16. Esdras 7:16Besides that, Ezra could also collect any freewill offering made by Jews and priests scattered throughout the province of Babylon.
  17. Esdras 7:17This money was to be used at once to buy animals and grain offerings, all meant for the sacrifices on the temple altar in Jerusalem.
  18. Esdras 7:18Whatever money was left over was placed at the disposal of Ezra and his companions, to be used as they saw fit, according to the will of their own God.
  19. Esdras 7:19Ezra also receives the task of formally delivering to the temple the sacred vessels the king had donated for religious service.
  20. Esdras 7:20If anything else was still needed for the temple, the Persian royal treasury itself was to cover the difference, at no cost at all to the Jews.
  21. Esdras 7:21The king directly orders all the treasurers of the region west of the Euphrates to meet any request from Ezra without delay.
  22. Esdras 7:22The decree sets generous supply limits: silver, wheat, wine, and oil in large amounts, and salt with no limit at all.
  23. Esdras 7:23The king insists that everything related to temple worship be provided without delay, out of fear, as he himself puts it, of provoking this God's wrath against his own kingdom.
  24. Esdras 7:24The decree also exempts everyone connected to temple service from taxes: priests, Levites, singers, porters, and Nethinims are freed from any royal tribute.
  25. Esdras 7:25Ezra is also given authority to appoint judges and administrators who know the law of God, charged with teaching that law to those who did not yet know it.
  26. Esdras 7:26The penalties for disobedience ranged from fines to imprisonment, banishment, or death — the Jews' religious law now also carried the force of civil law, backed by the empire itself.
  27. Esdras 7:27Ezra closes this section with a blessing, crediting God for putting it in the king's heart to favor the temple this way. For him, a Persian king's goodwill was no political coincidence, but the direct result of an inspiration that came from God.
  28. Esdras 7:28Ezra ends by recounting that he felt the hand of God upon him throughout this whole process, and he draws on that confidence to gather the leaders who will go up with him to Jerusalem.

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