Esdras 4

VBL · Chapter 4/10

1Los enemigos de Judá y Benjamín se enteraron de que los exiliados estaban construyendo un Templo para el Señor, el Dios de Israel.

2Se acercaron a Zorobabel y a los jefes de familia y les dijeron: “Por favor, dejad que os ayudemos en la construcción, porque adoramos a vuestro Dios como vosotros. De hecho, le hemos estado sacrificando desde la época de Esar-hadón, rey de Asiria, quien nos trajo aquí”.

3Pero Zorobabel, Jesúa y los líderes de la familia de Israel respondieron: “Ustedes no pueden compartir con nosotros la construcción de un Templo para nuestro Dios. Sólo nosotros podemos construirlo para el Señor, el Dios de Israel. Esto es lo que Ciro, el rey de Persia, nos ha ordenado hacer”.

4Entonces, los lugareños se dispusieron a intimidar a los habitantes de Judá y hacer que tuvieran demasiado miedo para seguir construyendo.

5Entonces sobornaron a funcionarios para oponerse a ellos y obstruir sus planes. Esto continuó durante todo el reinado de Ciro, rey de Persia, hasta el reinado de Darío, rey de Persia.

6Cuando Asuero se convirtió en rey, los lugareños le enviaron una acusación escrita contra el pueblo de Judá y Jerusalén.

7En tiempos de Artajerjes, rey de Persia, Bislam, Mitrídates, Tabeel y sus compañeros escribieron una carta a Artajerjes. La carta fue escrita en arameo y fue traducida.

8Rehum, el oficial al mando, y Simsai, el escriba, escribieron una carta al rey Artajerjes en la que condenaban a Jerusalén.

9Esto proviene de Rehum, el oficial al mando, Simsai, el escriba, y los compañeros oficiales: los jueces y funcionarios y los responsables de Persia, Erec y Babilonia, los elamitas de Susa,

10y el resto del pueblo que el gran y noble Asurbanipal deportó y reasentó en las ciudades de Samaria y otros lugares al oeste del Éufrates.

11La siguiente es una copia de la carta que le enviaron:

12“Su Majestad debe ser informado de que los judíos que vinieron de usted a nosotros han regresado a Jerusalén. Están reconstruyendo esa ciudad rebelde y malvada, completando las reparaciones de las murallas y arreglando sus cimientos.

13Su Majestad debería darse cuenta de que si esta ciudad es reconstruida y sus murallas reparadas, no pagarán impuestos, tributos o tasas, y los ingresos del rey se verán afectados.

14Ahora bien, como estamos al servicio del rey y no nos parece bien que se le falte al respeto a Su Majestad, le enviamos esta carta para que esté informado,

15y ordenar una búsqueda en los archivos reales. Descubrirá en estos registros que se trata de una ciudad rebelde, que perjudica a los reyes y a los países, habiéndose levantado a menudo en rebelión en el pasado. Este es motivo por el cual esta ciudad había sido destruída.

16Queremos informar a Su Majestad de que si se reconstruye esta ciudad y se completan las murallas, perderá esta provincia al oeste del Éufrates”.

17El rey respondió lo siguiente “Al comandante Rehum, al escriba Simsai y a los compañeros que viven en Samaria y en otras zonas al oeste del Éufrates: Saludos.

18La carta que ustedes nos enviaron ha sido traducida y la han leído ante mí.

19He ordenado que se realice una investigación. Se ha descubierto que esta ciudad se ha levantado a menudo en rebelión contra los reyes en el pasado, promoviendo frecuentemente la insurrección y la rebelión.

20Poderosos reyes han gobernado en Jerusalén y en toda la zona al oeste del Éufrates, y han recibido impuestos, tributos y tasas.

21Emitan una orden inmediata para que estos hombres dejen de trabajar. Esta ciudad no debe ser reconstruida hasta que yo lo autorice.

22Procura no descuidar este asunto. ¿Por qué habríamos de dejar que este problema crezca y perjudique los intereses reales?”

23Tan pronto como esta carta del rey Artajerjes fue leída a Rehum, al escriba Simsai y a sus compañeros, se precipitaron hacia los judíos de Jerusalén y utilizaron su poder para obligarlos a detener los trabajos.

24En consecuencia, las obras del Templo de Dios en Jerusalén se detuvieron. La paralización continuó hasta el segundo año del reinado del rey Darío de Persia.

📖 Chapter study

Summary

Neighboring peoples offer to help build the temple, but are turned down, and then set about sabotaging the work with accusations to the Persian kings, managing to halt the rebuilding for years.

Explanation

This chapter blends events from different decades to show a pattern: whenever God's people try to rebuild something important, opposition arises, whether from outside or through political manipulation. The adversaries use official letters full of half-truths to convince the king that the Jews are dangerous, and succeed in getting an order to stop the work. It's a reminder that doing God's work rightly sometimes means refusing 'help' that is actually disguised control, and that opposition can come through legal and bureaucratic channels, not only through open violence.

Fun facts

  • The chapter temporarily switches to Aramaic (the diplomatic language of the time) at exactly the point where it reproduces the official letters exchanged with the king — a detail that confirms the authenticity of the documents quoted.
  • The references to different kings (Cyrus, Ahasuerus, Artaxerxes) show that Ezra inserts here, out of strict chronological order, examples of opposition from various periods to reinforce the pattern of resistance.

Verse-by-verse explanation

  1. Esdras 4:1As soon as word spreads that the Jews are rebuilding the temple, people from the region who oppose them hear about it and decide to act.
  2. Esdras 4:2These neighbors offer to help build, claiming they too worshipped the same God ever since the Assyrian king Esarhaddon brought them to live in that land. It was a request that concealed other intentions.
  3. Esdras 4:3Zerubbabel and Jeshua refuse the offer, saying that the task of building the house of God belongs to the people of Israel alone, exactly as Cyrus himself had decreed.
  4. Esdras 4:4From then on, the people of the region set out to discourage the Jews and hinder the work whenever they can, in a campaign of resistance that stretches on for years.
  5. Esdras 4:5They even go so far as to hire counselors to sabotage the project from within, a strategy that holds steady through the whole reign of Cyrus, right up to the reign of Darius, decades later.
  6. Esdras 4:6Here the text jumps forward in time: it mentions a written complaint against the Jews already in the reign of Ahasuerus, the same king who years later would have Esther as queen, decades ahead of this chapter's main story.
  7. Esdras 4:7Here the text changes language without warning: the letter the adversaries send to King Artaxerxes was originally written in Aramaic, the official language of Persian diplomacy, not in Hebrew. Because of this, a good part of the following chapters, including letters and decrees, appears in this different language within the same book.
  8. Esdras 4:8Here two new characters enter, the official Rehum and the scribe Shimshai, who write a formal accusation against Jerusalem to King Artaxerxes — another jump forward in time, decades ahead of the temple project.
  9. Esdras 4:9The letter is signed by a list of foreign peoples settled in the region — Dinaites, Archevites, Babylonians, and others — showing that the opposition to the Jews came from a quite diverse group of neighbors.
  10. Esdras 4:10These peoples had been brought to live in Samaria by a king called here Asnappar, probably the Assyrian king Ashurbanipal, who resettled the region after conquering it.
  11. Esdras 4:11Here the transcription of the letter itself begins, identifying its authors only as “the men on this side the river,” a standard formula used in official Persian correspondence.
  12. Esdras 4:12The letter accuses the Jews of rebuilding “the rebellious and the bad city,” trying to convince the king that Jerusalem had always been trouble. It is an example of how official letters between governments and provinces were used both to inform and to steer political decisions.
  13. Esdras 4:13The letter's main argument is financial: if Jerusalem is rebuilt, the Jews will stop paying toll, tribute, and custom, which would directly hurt the king's own treasury.
  14. Esdras 4:14The letter's authors present themselves as officials loyal to the palace, saying they are warning the king precisely because they do not want to see him dishonored by this rebuilding.
  15. Esdras 4:15They suggest the king have the royal records searched, assuring him he will find evidence that Jerusalem had already been a rebellious city in the past, destroyed for good reason.
  16. Esdras 4:16The letter's final threat is exaggerated: rebuilding the walls, it claims, would cost the king control of the whole region west of the Euphrates, not just Jerusalem.
  17. Esdras 4:17The king answers Rehum and Shimshai and the residents of Samaria directly, opening the letter with the usual formal greeting: “Peace, and at such a time.”
  18. Esdras 4:18Artaxerxes confirms that he had the letter translated and read aloud before him personally before making any decision on the matter.
  19. Esdras 4:19The search of the royal archives confirms the accusation: Jerusalem really did have a history of rebellion and sedition against earlier empires.
  20. Esdras 4:20The king recalls that Jerusalem had once had powerful kings who ruled that whole region and collected tribute as a matter of course — one more argument against letting the city regain its strength.
  21. Esdras 4:21Artaxerxes orders the rebuilding stopped at once, leaving open the possibility of reversing the decision later, should he himself authorize it.
  22. Esdras 4:22He stresses the urgency of the order, warning the officials not to let up on this, because every day of delay would cost the royal treasury more.
  23. Esdras 4:23As soon as they receive the answer, Rehum and Shimshai hurry to Jerusalem and use force to make the Jews stop the work at once.
  24. Esdras 4:24The work of rebuilding the temple stalls because of these accusations, and is only taken up again under the reign of Darius, Cyrus's successor. Between one king and the next, the project sat suspended for years, showing that the promise of returning and rebuilding did not come without real bureaucratic and political obstacles.

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