Esdras 5

VBL · Chapter 5/10

1Los profetas Hageo y Zacarías, hijo de Iddo, le enviaron mensajes a los judíos de Judá y Jerusalén de parte del Dios de Israel, su gobernante.

2Entonces Zorobabel, hijo de Sealtiel, y Jesúa, hijo de Josadac, decidieron empezar a trabajar en la reconstrucción del Templo de Dios en Jerusalén. Los profetas de Dios los animaron y los ayudaron.

3Casi inmediatamente llegaron Tatnai, el gobernador de la provincia al oeste del Éufrates, Setar-boznai, y sus colegas funcionarios y preguntaron: “¿Quién les dio permiso para reconstruir este Templo y terminarlo?”

4Luego preguntaron: “¿Cuáles son los nombres de los hombres que están trabajando en este edificio?”

5Pero su Dios velaba por los dirigentes judíos, de modo que no se les impidió trabajar hasta que se pudo enviar un informe a Darío y se recibió una respuesta escrita con instrucciones.

6La siguiente es una copia de la carta que Tatnai, el gobernador de la provincia al oeste del Éufrates, Setar-boznai, y sus compañeros, funcionarios de la provincia, enviaron al rey Darío.

7El informe que le enviaron decía lo siguiente “Al rey Darío: Saludos.

8Deseamos informar a Su Majestad que fuimos a la provincia de Judá, al Templo del gran Dios. Se está construyendo con grandes piedras, y se están colocando vigas de madera en las paredes. Esta obra se está realizando correctamente y avanza a buen ritmo.

9“Interrogamos a los dirigentes, preguntándoles: ‘¿Quién les dio permiso para reconstruir este Templo y terminarlo?’

10También les pedimos sus nombres, para anotarlos y hacerles saber los nombres de sus dirigentes.

11“Esta es la respuesta que nos dieron: ‘Somos servidores del Dios del cielo y de la tierra. Estamos reconstruyendo el Templo construido y terminado hace muchos años por un gran rey de Israel.

12Pero nuestros antepasados hicieron enojar al Dios del cielo, por lo cual los entregó a Nabucodonosor, rey de Babilonia, el caldeo, quien destruyó este Templo y deportó al pueblo a Babilonia.

13Sin embargo, Ciro, rey de Babilonia, en el primer año de su reinado, emitió un decreto para reconstruir este Templo de Dios.

14Incluso devolvió los objetos de oro y plata pertenecientes al Templo de Dios, que Nabucodonosor había tomado del Templo de Jerusalén y colocado en su templo de Babilonia. El rey Ciro se los entregó a un hombre llamado Sesbasar, a quien había nombrado gobernador,

15diciéndole: Toma estos artículos y colócalos en el Templo de Jerusalén. Reconstruye el Templo de Dios en su sitio original.

16Así que Sesbasar vino y puso los cimientos del Templo de Dios en Jerusalén. Desde entonces está en construcción, pero aún no se ha completado’.

17“Por lo tanto, si Su Majestad lo desea, autorice que se haga una búsqueda en los archivos reales de Babilonia para descubrir si hay un registro de que el rey Ciro emitió un decreto para reconstruir el Templo de Dios en Jerusalén. Entonces, por favor, háganos saber la decisión de Su Majestad en este asunto”.

📖 Chapter study

Summary

The prophets Haggai and Zechariah encourage the people to resume building the temple, which had come to a halt. Local Persian authorities question the legality of the work and write to King Darius to confirm whether authorization had truly been given.

Explanation

After years at a standstill, the work on the temple resumes not because of favorable political pressure, but because of the courageous preaching of two prophets who reignite the people's faith. It's an example of how the prophetic word can reverse collective discouragement. When the Persian officials question the legitimacy of the rebuilding, the Jewish leaders respond with an honest, historical explanation of the situation, trusting that the truth would be confirmed in the royal archives. The practical lesson is that, faced with questioning, the best response is often documented truth, paired with patience for justice to be established.

Fun facts

  • Haggai and Zechariah are the authors of prophetic books of the Old Testament, and their messages from this period are recorded in greater detail in the books that bear their names.
  • The respect for legal process shown here (searching the royal archives for proof of Cyrus's decree) reflects the meticulous administration of the Persian empire, which kept detailed records in its various capitals.

Verse-by-verse explanation

  1. Esdras 5:1After years of stalled work, two prophets, Haggai and Zechariah, begin speaking in God's name, urging the people to resume building the temple.
  2. Esdras 5:2Encouraged by the prophets' words, Zerubbabel and Jeshua decide to resume construction, now with the direct backing of those speaking in God's name.
  3. Esdras 5:3Tatnai was the Persian governor of the region west of the Euphrates, and it was his job to oversee everything being built in his territory. He arrives asking who authorized rebuilding the temple and the wall, which shows that even with Cyrus's decree, the Jews still had to answer to local authorities.
  4. Esdras 5:4The Persian officials also want to know the names of those working on the project, probably to identify who was responsible in case an account was needed later.
  5. Esdras 5:5Despite the pressure from the Persian officials, no one manages to stop the work this time — the text credits this to God's watchful eye over the Jewish leaders, while they wait for King Darius's answer.
  6. Esdras 5:6Here begins the transcription of the letter Governor Tatnai sent to King Darius, asking for instructions on what to do about the temple project.
  7. Esdras 5:7The letter opens with the usual formal greeting, wishing the king all peace, before getting into the report on what was happening in Jerusalem.
  8. Esdras 5:8Tatnai reports that the temple is being built with great stones and that timber is already being fitted into the walls — the work was moving fast and was well made.
  9. Esdras 5:9The report repeats the question the officials had asked the Jewish leaders in person: who had authorized this rebuilding.
  10. Esdras 5:10Tatnai also records that he asked for the names of those in charge, precisely so he could tell the king exactly who was leading the work.
  11. Esdras 5:11The Jews themselves answer by telling the whole story: that the house had been built by a great king long ago, destroyed by Nebuchadnezzar, and that they are now rebuilding it by order of Cyrus. It is a defense that uses the official letter itself to prove they are within the law, not rebelling.
  12. Esdras 5:12The Jews themselves explain the reason for the first temple's destruction: according to them, it was God's punishment for their ancestors' disobedience, which resulted in Nebuchadnezzar's conquest.
  13. Esdras 5:13They point out that it was Cyrus himself, already in the first year of his reign over Babylon, who gave the original order for this house of God to be rebuilt.
  14. Esdras 5:14The Jews also mention that Cyrus had returned the sacred vessels, handing them over to a man named Sheshbazzar, whom he himself had appointed governor of the province.
  15. Esdras 5:15According to the account, Cyrus himself personally instructed Sheshbazzar to carry the vessels back and rebuild the house of God on its former site.
  16. Esdras 5:16Sheshbazzar really did lay the temple's first foundations, but the work sat unfinished for decades, right up to the moment this letter was being written.
  17. Esdras 5:17Finally, Tatnai asks that Darius himself have the royal archives in Babylon searched to confirm whether this story about Cyrus's decree is really true.

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