Marcos 9

VBL · Chapter 9/16

1Jesús les dijo: “Les digo la verdad: algunos de los que están aquí no morirán antes de que vean venir al reino de Dios con poder”.

2Seis días más tarde, Jesús llevó consigo a Pedro, Santiago y Juan, y los condujo a lo alto de una montaña para estar allí a solas. Su apariencia cambió por completo.

3Su ropa brillaba de lo blanca que era, más blanca que lo que cualquier persona sobre la tierra pudiera emblanquecer.

4Entonces Elías y Moisés se aparecieron frente a ellos tambiény hablaban con Jesús.

5Pedro alzó la voz y dijo: “¡Rabí, para nosotros es maravilloso estar aquí! Deberíamos preparar tres albergues. Cada uno de nosotros haría uno: para ti, para Moisés y para Elías”.

6(¡En realidad, él no sabía qué decir porque los tres discípulos estaban muy asustados!)

7Entonces una nube los cubrió, y de la nube salió una voz que decía: “Este es mi Hijo, al que amo. Escúchenlo”.

8De repente, mientras los discípulos miraban, ya no había nadie. Solo Jesús estaba con ellos.

9Mientras descendían de la montaña, Jesús les dio instrucciones de no contarle a nadie lo que habían visto, hasta que el Hijo del hombre se hubiese levantado de entre los muertos.

10Ellos guardaron esto para sí, pero discutían sobre qué significaba eso de levantarse de entre los muertos.

11“¿Por qué los maestros religiosos afirman que Elías tiene que venir primero?” le preguntaron.

12“Es cierto que Elías viene primero para prepararlo todo”, respondió Jesús. “Pero, ¿por qué, entonces, dicen las Escrituras que el Hijo del hombre tiene que sufrir mucho y ser tratado con deprecio?

13Sin embargo, les digo que Elías vino, y ellos lo maltrataron de todas las formas que quisieron, tal como las Escrituras dicen que lo harían”.

14Cuando regresaron donde estaban los demás discípulos, vieron que estaban rodeados de una gran multitud y había allí algunos maestros religiosos discutiendo con ellos.

15Pero tan pronto como la multitud vio a Jesús, se asombraron, y corrieron a recibirlo.

16“¿Sobre qué están discutiendo ustedes con ellos?” les preguntó Jesús.

17Una de las personas de la multitud respondió: “Maestro, te traje a mi hijo. Él tiene un espíritu malo que no lo deja hablar.

18Cada vez que lo ataca, lo tira al suelo, y lo hace botar espuma por la boca, cruje sus dientes y su cuerpo se pone rígido. Le pedí a tus discípulos que sacaran este demonio de él, pero ellos no pudieron hacerlo”.

19“¡Pueblo incrédulo!” respondió Jesús. “¿Por cuánto tiempo debo permanecer aquí con ustedes? ¿Por cuánto tiempo tengo que soportarlos? ¡Tráiganmelo aquí!”

20Así que ellos lo trajeron donde Jesús. Cuando el espíritu malo vio a Jesús, de inmediato le produjo convulsiones al joven y lo lanzó al suelo, donde este comenzó a rodar de un lado al otro y a botar espuma por la boca.

21“¿Por cuánto tiempo ha tenido esto?” le preguntó Jesús al padre del joven.

22“A menudo lo lanza al fuego para quemarlo y matarlo, o lo lanza al agua para ahogarlo. Por favor, ten misericordia de nosotros y ayúdanos, si puedes”.

23“¿Por qué dices, ‘si puedes?’” respondió Jesús. “¡Todo es posible para el que cree!”

24“Yo creo en ti”, gritó el hombre de inmediato. “Ayúdame a no desconfiar de ti”.

25Jesús, viendo que la multitud se aproximaba más, le dio orden al espíritu malo: “Espíritu que causa sordera y mudez, te ordeno que salgas de él y no regreses más”.

26El espíritu gritó y lanzó al joven al piso, causándole graves convulsiones. Entonces salió del joven y lo dejó casi muerto, al punto que muchas de las personas decían: “Está muerto”.

27Pero Jesús tomó al joven por la mano y lo ayudó a levantarse, y éste se puso en pie.

28Después, cuando Jesús estaba en casa, sus discípulos le preguntaron en privado: “¿Por qué nosotros no pudimos sacar al espíritu?”

29“Este tipo de espíritu no puede sacarse si no es con oración”, les dijo Jesús.

30Entonces se marcharon y pasaron por Galilea. Jesús no quería que nadie supiera donde estaba él

31porque estaba enseñándole a sus discípulos. “El Hijo del hombre será entregado a las autoridades humanas”, les dijo. “Ellos lo matarán, pero tres días después se levantará de nuevo”.

32Pero ellos no entendieron lo que él quiso decir y tenían mucho miedo como para preguntarle al respecto.

33Llegaron a Capernaum, y cuando estaban dentro de la casa donde se hospedaban, Jesús les preguntó: “¿De qué venían hablando durante el camino?”

34Pero ellos no dijeron nada porque habían estado discutiendo sobre quién de ellos era el más importante.

35Entonces Jesús se sentó y reunió a sus discípulos. “Si alguno quiere ser el primero, tendrá que ser el último, el siervo de todos los demás”, les dijo.

36Luego tomó a un niño pequeño y lo hizo sentarse justo en medio de ellos. Entonces tomó al niño y lo abrazó, y les dijo:

37“Cualquiera que recibe a un niño como este en mi nombre, me recibe a mí, y cualquiera que me recibe a mí, no me recibe a mí, sino al que me envió”.

38Juan le dijo a Jesús: “Maestro, vimos a alguien sacando demonios en tu nombre. Nosotros tratamos de detenerlo, porque no era uno de nosotros”.

39“No lo detengan”, respondió Jesús. “Porque ninguno que esté haciendo milagros en mi nombre, puede maldecir al mismo tiempo.

40El que no está contra nosotros, está a favor de nosotros.

41Todo el que les brinde un vaso de agua a ustedes en mi nombre, porque ustedes pertenecen a Cristo, créanme que no perderá su recompensa.

42“Pero si cualquiera conduce a uno de estos pequeños que creen en mí, a pecar, mejor sería que fuera lanzado al mar con una piedra de molino atada en su cuello.

43Si una mano te hace pecar, ¡córtala! Es mejor entrar a la vida eterna como un lisiado que ir con ambas manos al Gehena, al fuego que no puede apagarse.

44[El versículo 44 no aparece en los primeros manuscritos.]

45Si el pie te hace pecar, ¡córtalo! Es mejor entrar a la vida eterna cojo, que teniendo ambos pies y aun así ser lanzado al Gehena.

46[El versículo 46 no aparece en los primeros manuscritos.]

47Si el ojo te hace pecar, ¡sácalo! Es mejor entrar al reino de Dios con un solo ojo que ser lanzado al Gehena con ambos ojos,

48donde los gusanos no mueren y el fuego no se apaga.

49Todos serán ‘salados’ con fuego.

50La sal es buena, pero si pierde su sabor, ¿cómo podría alguien salarla de nuevo? Ustedes necesitan ser como la sal: vivan en paz unos con otros”.

📖 Chapter study

Summary

Jesus is transfigured before Peter, James, and John, heals a boy with an unclean spirit that the other disciples could not cast out, and teaches about humility, tolerance toward those who do good in his name, and about not causing the little ones to stumble.

Explanation

The transfiguration, with Moses and Elijah appearing beside Jesus, visually confirms that he is the fulfillment of the Law and the Prophets, reinforced by the Father's voice commanding, 'hear him.' The disciples' inability to heal the boy, attributed by Jesus to the need for prayer, shows that even people with prior spiritual experience can face limits that demand a renewed dependence on God. The disciples' dispute over who would be the greatest, answered by Jesus with the example of a child in his arms, repeats a central theme of the Gospel: true greatness lies in serving, not in a position of prominence. The final instructions about cutting off the hand, the foot, or plucking out the eye are dramatic hyperboles common in Jewish teaching, used to emphasize the seriousness of avoiding anything that leads to sin, not a literal command for self-mutilation.

Fun facts

  • 'Salt' in antiquity was used both as seasoning and as a preservative, and even in religious sacrifices (Leviticus 2:13); Jesus' closing statement about having 'salt in yourselves' points back to that double function of preservation and flavor.
  • The expression 'where their worm does not die and the fire is not quenched' is an almost literal quotation from Isaiah 66:24, a prophetic text about final judgment used by Jesus to describe the seriousness of spiritual consequences.

Verse-by-verse explanation

  1. Marcos 9:1This promise has intrigued readers for centuries. Some see its fulfillment right in the next scene, the transfiguration, when three disciples see Jesus reveal a bit of His power ahead of the expected time.
  2. Marcos 9:2The note "after six days" ties this scene directly to the promise in the previous verse. The KJV says "he was transfigured", describing a visible change in Jesus' very appearance, not just His clothing.
  3. Marcos 9:3Comparing the whiteness of His garments to a job no launderer on earth could match is a concrete image, tied to a familiar trade, for saying that brightness had no human origin.
  4. Marcos 9:4Moses represented the Law and Elijah the prophets, the two great traditions of Israel's faith. The two of them appearing together talking with Jesus suggests He unites those traditions in a way the text still leaves unexplained.
  5. Marcos 9:5Building three shelters recalls the feast where Jews set up temporary booths to remember their time in the desert, and Peter seems to want to prolong that special moment by building one for each of them. Moses represented the Law and Elijah the prophets; their appearing alongside Jesus suggests He brings the two traditions together, more than the text explains.
  6. Marcos 9:6Mark's comment here explains Peter's odd suggestion in the previous verse: it was not a thought-out plan, but a nervous reaction from someone overtaken by fear in the face of something extraordinary.
  7. Marcos 9:7The voice speaking from the cloud repeats almost the same formula used at Jesus' baptism, but adds a direct instruction, telling them to "hear him", a command to pay attention to what Jesus says.
  8. Marcos 9:8The vision ends as suddenly as it began. In an instant, only Jesus is left, looking just as usual, with the three disciples.
  9. Marcos 9:9Once again comes a request for silence, this time with a set deadline: until the resurrection. The disciples are puzzled by that very part, because a messiah dying and coming back to life did not fit the common expectation of a victorious deliverer.
  10. Marcos 9:10The disciples keep the scene to themselves, but keep turning over among themselves what rising from the dead would mean, a concept that, at the time, was not part of the common expectation about the Messiah.
  11. Marcos 9:11The question is based on an ancient prophecy saying Elijah would return before the coming of the day of the Lord, which created expectation among the scribes about the right order of events.
  12. Marcos 9:12Jesus confirms the expectation about Elijah, but adds another piece no one expected: the same scripture that speaks of restoration also speaks of a Son of man who must suffer.
  13. Marcos 9:13There was an expectation that the prophet Elijah would return before the coming of the Messiah, based on an ancient prophecy. Jesus answers that Elijah has already come, referring to John the Baptist without naming him directly, and notes that he too was mistreated, foreshadowing what would happen to Jesus Himself.
  14. Marcos 9:14Coming down the mountain contrasts sharply with the previous scene. Instead of silence and glory, the disciples find confusion, a crowd, and scribes arguing.
  15. Marcos 9:15The crowd's reaction, running to greet Him as soon as they see Him, suggests unusual excitement, perhaps still tied to the charged mood created by the dispute going on there.
  16. Marcos 9:16Jesus directs His question straight at the scribes, demanding an explanation for the argument He found upon arriving.
  17. Marcos 9:17A "dumb spirit", as the KJV puts it, describes a condition that kept the boy from speaking, linked by the text to a spirit, within the way that era understood certain disorders.
  18. Marcos 9:18The symptoms described, convulsions, foaming, grinding of teeth, wasting away, combine what we would today associate with epileptic seizures with the common spiritual explanation of the time.
  19. Marcos 9:19Jesus' frustration, calling the generation faithless, echoes the same tone used during the storm and the request for a sign in chapter 8, weariness with the lack of faith around Him.
  20. Marcos 9:20The spirit's violent reaction the moment it sees Jesus shows the contrast between the power He represents and the desperate response of the force about to be cast out.
  21. Marcos 9:21The question about how long this had lasted, since childhood, reveals that it was not a recent problem, but a condition that had followed the boy for years.
  22. Marcos 9:22The attempts to destroy him by fire and water show how dangerous and constant the situation was, repeatedly nearly bringing the child to the point of death before this encounter.
  23. Marcos 9:23Jesus takes the father's condition, "if thou canst", and turns it back on the father's own faith: the issue was not Jesus' ability, but the father's trust.
  24. Marcos 9:24This cry became famous for joining two things that seem opposite: believing and, at the same time, admitting one's own doubt, asking for help with both at once.
  25. Marcos 9:25Jesus' command includes an extra detail not found in other healings: an explicit order that the spirit never enter the boy again.
  26. Marcos 9:26The violent exit left the boy looking dead to those nearby, intense enough that people in the crowd said he had actually died.
  27. Marcos 9:27The gesture of taking him by the hand and lifting him up recalls the same kind of action Jesus used to raise Jairus' daughter, another case where the healing looks almost like a rescue from death.
  28. Marcos 9:28The disciples' private question makes sense because they had already received, in chapter 6, the power to cast out spirits, which is why this failure puzzles them.
  29. Marcos 9:29Jesus' answer ties this specific kind of casting out to a greater spiritual dependence, not to a technique that can be learned and repeated the same way every time.
  30. Marcos 9:30After the eventful episode, Jesus again seeks discretion, avoiding letting the trip through Galilee turn into yet another occasion for crowds and commotion.
  31. Marcos 9:31This is the second of three direct announcements Jesus makes about His own death and resurrection in Mark. The first came right after Peter's confession, in chapter 8.
  32. Marcos 9:32Their fear of asking suggests the disciples remembered what happened the last time Peter reacted badly to this kind of announcement, and they preferred to keep their confusion to themselves.
  33. Marcos 9:33Jesus' question about what they were discussing on the road sounds innocent, but puts the disciples in an awkward spot, as if He already suspected the topic.
  34. Marcos 9:34Their awkward silence gives away the subject: they had been arguing about who was the greatest, a status dispute right after hearing Jesus speak of His own death.
  35. Marcos 9:35Sitting down to teach was the formal posture of a teacher at the time. Jesus takes that position right before turning the common logic about greatness upside down.
  36. Marcos 9:36Placing a child in the middle of the group and embracing her turns the gesture into a living, concrete example of what Jesus wants to teach about welcoming the most vulnerable.
  37. Marcos 9:37The chain of representation runs from the child to Jesus and from Jesus to God: welcoming someone with less status, in this logic, is the same as welcoming God Himself.
  38. Marcos 9:38John's complaint reveals a concern about group exclusivity: someone was using Jesus' name effectively without belonging to the circle of the twelve, which bothered the disciples.
  39. Marcos 9:39Jesus corrects John's logic: whoever truly performs a miracle in His name would have no reason, and no time, to soon after speak ill of Him. The practical effect already shows which side the person is on.
  40. Marcos 9:40John complains about someone casting out demons in Jesus' name without belonging to the inner group, as though that were stealing someone's credit. Jesus corrects that exclusive mindset: for Him, the test was not belonging to the right circle, but not working against what He was doing.
  41. Marcos 9:41Even the simplest, cheapest gesture, a cup of water, counts as rewarded when it is done because of the person's connection to Christ. The value lies in the motive, not the size of the gesture.
  42. Marcos 9:42The millstone mentioned here was a large one, pulled by an animal, too heavy for anyone to survive tied around the neck in water, an extreme image to show how serious it is to harm someone vulnerable in the faith.
  43. Marcos 9:43The order to cut off the hand is a deliberate exaggeration, in Mark's blunt style, to show how seriously to take anything that pushes someone toward sin, not a literal instruction to self-mutilate.
  44. Marcos 9:44The image of the worm that does not die and the fire that is never quenched points back to an ancient garbage dump outside Jerusalem, where the fire was always kept burning, used here as a figure for something final, not a literal geographic description.
  45. Marcos 9:45The same logic from the verse about the hand repeats now with the foot, reinforcing the point with another body part tied to action, to the path a person walks.
  46. Marcos 9:46The same refrain about the worm and the fire appears again, driving home through repetition an idea Jesus wants to stick in His listeners' minds.
  47. Marcos 9:47The third example in the sequence uses the eye, tied to temptation through what is seen, completing the trio of hand, foot, and eye as images of what must be dealt with radically.
  48. Marcos 9:48This phrase repeats three times in a row within the same passage, a common device for fixing an idea in the listener's mind. The image of a worm that never dies and a fire that never goes out comes from an ancient prophet, who described a garbage dump outside Jerusalem where the fire was always kept burning, used here as a figure for something final.
  49. Marcos 9:49This is one of the most obscure verses in the gospel: it joins salt, used in the sacrifices of Jewish law as a symbol of purity, with fire, associated with testing or judgment, in a sentence even scholars do not fully agree on how to explain.
  50. Marcos 9:50Closing the argument about who was the greatest, Jesus switches images to salt. He asks the disciples to keep that seasoning quality in themselves and, along with it, to keep peace with one another.

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